Reproductive status of cows in Dairy Herd Improvement programs and bred using artificial insemination (2012)
TABLE 1. 2012 REPRODUCTIVE TRAIT AVERAGES and standard errors.
TABLE 2. Average numbers of BREEDINGS PER CONCEPTION (2003–12).
TABLE 3. Average DAYS FROM CALVING TO FIRST BREEDING (2003–12).
TABLE 4. Average DAYS FROM CALVING TO LAST BREEDING (2003–12).
TABLE 5. Average DAYS FROM FIRST TO LAST BREEDING (2003–12).
TABLE 6. Average CONCEPTION RATES FOR FIRST BREEDINGS (2003–12).
TABLE 7. Average CONCEPTION RATES FOR ALL BREEDINGS (2003–12).
TABLE 8. Average CALVING INTERVALS (2003–11).
TABLE 9. Numbers of RECORDS (2003–12):
A) AYRSHIRE,
B) BROWN SWISS,
C) GUERNSEY,
D) HOLSTEIN,
E) JERSEY),
F) MILKING SHORTHORN, and
G) RED & WHITE.
BACKGROUND
TABLE 1. 20121 REPRODUCTIVE TRAIT AVERAGES and standard errors by breed.
SAS Output
Breedings per conception |
2.0+/- 0.02 |
2.4+/- 0.02 |
2.4+/- 0.03 |
2.5+/- 0.00 |
2.1+/- 0.00 |
1.6+/- 0.03 |
2.1+/- 0.04 |
Days from calving to first breeding |
95+/- 0.7 |
87+/- 0.4 |
93+/- 0.8 |
79+/- 0.0 |
75+/- 0.1 |
95+/- 1.4 |
86+/- 1.0 |
Days from calving to last breeding |
133+/- 1.4 |
140+/- 1.0 |
143+/- 1.9 |
126+/- 0.1 |
110+/- 0.2 |
120+/- 2.2 |
127+/- 2.4 |
Days from first to last breeding |
47+/- 1.1 |
65+/- 0.9 |
62+/- 1.5 |
58+/- 0.1 |
43+/- 0.2 |
28+/- 1.4 |
48+/- 2.0 |
Conception rate for first breedings |
0.37+/- .008 |
0.29+/- .005 |
0.29+/- .008 |
0.33+/- .000 |
0.43+/- .001 |
0.43+/- .015 |
0.37+/- .015 |
Conception rate for all breedings |
0.36+/- .005 |
0.27+/- .003 |
0.27+/- .005 |
0.31+/- .000 |
0.38+/- .001 |
0.42+/- .011 |
0.34+/- .010 |
Calving interval |
421+/- 1.8 |
433+/- 1.3 |
435+/- 2.3 |
408+/- 0.1 |
392+/- 0.2 |
420+/- 4.0 |
415+/- 3.1 |
1Cows first bred in 2012 for all traits except calving interval;
for calving interval, cows with first calving for the interval in 2009.
TABLE 2. Average numbers of BREEDINGS PER CONCEPTION by breed and year of first breeding.
SAS Output
Ayrshire |
2.1 |
2.0 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
Brown Swiss |
2.5 |
2.4 |
2.5 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.4 |
2.5 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
Guernsey |
2.6 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
2.7 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
Holstein |
2.4 |
2.5 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
Jersey |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
Milking Shorthorn |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.8 |
1.7 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
1.7 |
1.8 |
1.6 |
Red & White |
2.4 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.3 |
2.4 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
TABLE 3. Average DAYS FROM CALVING TO FIRST BREEDING by breed and breeding year.
SAS Output
Ayrshire |
98 |
96 |
94 |
94 |
94 |
93 |
92 |
94 |
95 |
95 |
Brown Swiss |
98 |
93 |
93 |
92 |
92 |
92 |
90 |
89 |
89 |
87 |
Guernsey |
99 |
94 |
91 |
89 |
94 |
95 |
89 |
90 |
92 |
93 |
Holstein |
90 |
88 |
87 |
86 |
85 |
83 |
81 |
81 |
79 |
79 |
Jersey |
87 |
86 |
86 |
84 |
83 |
78 |
76 |
77 |
76 |
75 |
Milking Shorthorn |
100 |
92 |
98 |
91 |
96 |
93 |
88 |
94 |
102 |
95 |
Red & White |
96 |
96 |
98 |
94 |
87 |
86 |
86 |
84 |
85 |
86 |
TABLE 4. Average DAYS FROM CALVING TO LAST BREEDING by breed and year of first breeding.
SAS Output
Ayrshire |
143 |
134 |
134 |
132 |
134 |
131 |
132 |
133 |
135 |
133 |
Brown Swiss |
161 |
150 |
157 |
161 |
155 |
152 |
146 |
147 |
145 |
140 |
Guernsey |
157 |
148 |
153 |
150 |
152 |
149 |
148 |
145 |
144 |
143 |
Holstein |
147 |
143 |
146 |
145 |
141 |
136 |
133 |
132 |
130 |
126 |
Jersey |
130 |
129 |
132 |
130 |
126 |
121 |
116 |
115 |
113 |
110 |
Milking Shorthorn |
130 |
122 |
117 |
118 |
123 |
122 |
121 |
124 |
134 |
120 |
Red & White |
157 |
143 |
148 |
146 |
143 |
132 |
136 |
130 |
127 |
127 |
TABLE 5. Average DAYS FROM FIRST TO LAST BREEDING by breed and year of first breeding.
SAS Output
Ayrshire |
54 |
47 |
50 |
49 |
48 |
42 |
48 |
50 |
48 |
47 |
Brown Swiss |
78 |
72 |
79 |
81 |
78 |
73 |
69 |
73 |
69 |
65 |
Guernsey |
77 |
72 |
76 |
75 |
76 |
71 |
73 |
71 |
65 |
62 |
Holstein |
67 |
67 |
71 |
70 |
67 |
63 |
62 |
62 |
61 |
58 |
Jersey |
53 |
53 |
57 |
57 |
54 |
52 |
48 |
47 |
46 |
43 |
Milking Shorthorn |
30 |
34 |
24 |
35 |
35 |
37 |
42 |
35 |
37 |
28 |
Red & White |
71 |
58 |
59 |
62 |
64 |
56 |
57 |
53 |
48 |
48 |
TABLE 6. Average CONCEPTION RATES FOR FIRST BREEDINGS by breed and breeding year.
SAS Output
Ayrshire |
0.35 |
0.38 |
0.37 |
0.36 |
0.37 |
0.39 |
0.37 |
0.36 |
0.37 |
0.37 |
Brown Swiss |
0.29 |
0.28 |
0.27 |
0.27 |
0.28 |
0.27 |
0.29 |
0.29 |
0.29 |
0.29 |
Guernsey |
0.28 |
0.28 |
0.27 |
0.26 |
0.27 |
0.26 |
0.25 |
0.27 |
0.28 |
0.29 |
Holstein |
0.32 |
0.33 |
0.31 |
0.31 |
0.32 |
0.32 |
0.32 |
0.32 |
0.32 |
0.33 |
Jersey |
0.40 |
0.41 |
0.40 |
0.39 |
0.39 |
0.39 |
0.40 |
0.41 |
0.41 |
0.43 |
Milking Shorthorn |
0.32 |
0.43 |
0.45 |
0.41 |
0.40 |
0.41 |
0.38 |
0.43 |
0.40 |
0.43 |
Red & White |
0.30 |
0.33 |
0.33 |
0.30 |
0.28 |
0.33 |
0.35 |
0.33 |
0.35 |
0.37 |
TABLE 7. Average CONCEPTION RATES FOR ALL BREEDINGS by breed and year of first breeding.
SAS Output
Ayrshire |
0.34 |
0.36 |
0.35 |
0.35 |
0.36 |
0.39 |
0.37 |
0.36 |
0.36 |
0.36 |
Brown Swiss |
0.26 |
0.26 |
0.25 |
0.24 |
0.25 |
0.26 |
0.27 |
0.27 |
0.27 |
0.27 |
Guernsey |
0.26 |
0.26 |
0.25 |
0.25 |
0.26 |
0.25 |
0.24 |
0.25 |
0.26 |
0.27 |
Holstein |
0.30 |
0.31 |
0.29 |
0.29 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
0.31 |
0.30 |
0.30 |
0.31 |
Jersey |
0.37 |
0.37 |
0.35 |
0.35 |
0.35 |
0.35 |
0.36 |
0.37 |
0.37 |
0.38 |
Milking Shorthorn |
0.34 |
0.41 |
0.44 |
0.37 |
0.38 |
0.40 |
0.35 |
0.40 |
0.40 |
0.42 |
Red & White |
0.29 |
0.30 |
0.32 |
0.31 |
0.29 |
0.31 |
0.34 |
0.34 |
0.33 |
0.34 |
TABLE 8. Average CALVING INTERVALS (days) by breed and year of first calving for the interval.
SAS Output
Ayrshire |
420 |
421 |
420 |
421 |
416 |
418 |
413 |
418 |
421 |
Brown Swiss |
436 |
443 |
444 |
451 |
448 |
448 |
440 |
432 |
433 |
Guernsey |
434 |
437 |
440 |
438 |
440 |
441 |
435 |
432 |
435 |
Holstein |
425 |
422 |
423 |
423 |
418 |
417 |
412 |
409 |
408 |
Jersey |
411 |
412 |
411 |
411 |
402 |
400 |
396 |
393 |
392 |
Milking Shorthorn |
404 |
407 |
410 |
403 |
418 |
411 |
408 |
403 |
420 |
Red & White |
430 |
431 |
434 |
436 |
422 |
417 |
412 |
416 |
415 |
TABLE 9. Numbers of RECORDS used to calculate reproductive statistics by breed, trait, and year.
A) AYRSHIRE
SAS Output
Breedings per conception |
2,903 |
3,603 |
3,631 |
3,734 |
3,637 |
3,554 |
3,200 |
3,745 |
3,755 |
3,934 |
Days from calving to first breeding |
2,998 |
3,742 |
3,749 |
3,856 |
3,751 |
3,714 |
3,313 |
3,890 |
3,918 |
4,081 |
Days from calving to last breeding |
2,121 |
2,601 |
2,645 |
2,653 |
2,698 |
2,613 |
2,368 |
2,688 |
2,761 |
2,851 |
Days from first to last breeding |
2,903 |
3,603 |
3,631 |
3,734 |
3,637 |
3,554 |
3,200 |
3,745 |
3,755 |
3,934 |
Conception rate for first breedings |
2,560 |
3,340 |
3,357 |
3,460 |
3,357 |
3,197 |
2,921 |
3,415 |
3,475 |
3,612 |
Conception rate for all breedings |
5,262 |
7,240 |
7,556 |
7,847 |
7,290 |
7,016 |
6,120 |
7,630 |
7,632 |
7,981 |
Calving interval |
1,343 |
1,906 |
1,913 |
1,906 |
1,750 |
1,687 |
1,563 |
1,937 |
2,010 |
1,607 |
B) BROWN SWISS
SAS Output
Breedings per conception |
7,751 |
8,850 |
9,596 |
9,364 |
9,743 |
9,995 |
9,647 |
10,253 |
10,468 |
10,243 |
Days from calving to first breeding |
7,979 |
9,263 |
9,961 |
9,707 |
10,109 |
10,363 |
10,050 |
10,606 |
10,866 |
10,644 |
Days from calving to last breeding |
5,045 |
5,582 |
5,955 |
5,872 |
6,276 |
6,431 |
6,296 |
6,829 |
6,883 |
6,708 |
Days from first to last breeding |
7,751 |
8,850 |
9,596 |
9,364 |
9,743 |
9,995 |
9,647 |
10,253 |
10,468 |
10,243 |
Conception rate for first breedings |
6,915 |
8,291 |
8,941 |
8,790 |
9,187 |
9,199 |
9,010 |
9,564 |
9,827 |
9,597 |
Conception rate for all breedings |
16,556 |
21,103 |
23,484 |
23,992 |
25,300 |
25,423 |
24,021 |
24,949 |
25,667 |
25,068 |
Calving interval |
3,532 |
4,703 |
4,723 |
4,687 |
5,061 |
4,915 |
5,082 |
5,445 |
5,222 |
4,427 |
C) GUERNSEY
SAS Output
Breedings per conception |
3,877 |
4,048 |
3,876 |
3,533 |
3,485 |
3,492 |
3,240 |
3,623 |
3,425 |
3,253 |
Days from calving to first breeding |
3,993 |
4,239 |
4,059 |
3,670 |
3,635 |
3,634 |
3,370 |
3,779 |
3,567 |
3,378 |
Days from calving to last breeding |
2,575 |
2,734 |
2,561 |
2,333 |
2,325 |
2,213 |
2,077 |
2,376 |
2,214 |
2,104 |
Days from first to last breeding |
3,877 |
4,048 |
3,876 |
3,533 |
3,485 |
3,492 |
3,240 |
3,623 |
3,425 |
3,253 |
Conception rate for first breedings |
3,450 |
3,816 |
3,648 |
3,328 |
3,166 |
3,073 |
2,974 |
3,287 |
3,095 |
2,933 |
Conception rate for all breedings |
8,808 |
10,456 |
10,156 |
9,542 |
9,305 |
9,114 |
8,892 |
9,253 |
8,613 |
7,947 |
Calving interval |
1,628 |
2,056 |
1,906 |
1,700 |
1,669 |
1,531 |
1,629 |
1,637 |
1,521 |
1,080 |
D) HOLSTEIN
SAS Output
Breedings per conception |
907,911 |
984,904 |
1,031,194 |
1,085,642 |
1,359,454 |
1,405,617 |
1,443,449 |
1,678,153 |
1,743,040 |
1,823,361 |
Days from calving to first breeding |
945,698 |
1,019,858 |
1,066,431 |
1,120,999 |
1,400,669 |
1,450,290 |
1,488,049 |
1,728,681 |
1,794,260 |
1,879,894 |
Days from calving to last breeding |
670,960 |
747,794 |
767,583 |
808,890 |
1,028,076 |
1,068,296 |
1,100,895 |
1,283,026 |
1,328,391 |
1,394,609 |
Days from first to last breeding |
907,911 |
984,904 |
1,031,194 |
1,085,642 |
1,359,454 |
1,405,617 |
1,443,449 |
1,678,153 |
1,743,040 |
1,823,361 |
Conception rate for first breedings |
867,708 |
957,197 |
1,005,646 |
1,039,172 |
1,275,822 |
1,342,072 |
1,392,906 |
1,620,120 |
1,696,457 |
1,773,655 |
Conception rate for all breedings |
2,136,283 |
2,391,164 |
2,602,505 |
2,751,015 |
3,367,494 |
3,559,044 |
3,578,787 |
4,164,122 |
4,381,819 |
4,521,797 |
Calving interval |
478,633 |
534,166 |
537,470 |
590,553 |
729,039 |
747,831 |
795,438 |
896,414 |
932,429 |
928,121 |
E) JERSEY
SAS Output
Breedings per conception |
47,957 |
48,459 |
51,401 |
53,777 |
88,799 |
95,153 |
104,269 |
128,601 |
147,635 |
156,662 |
Days from calving to first breeding |
50,247 |
50,567 |
53,468 |
55,802 |
91,977 |
98,413 |
107,320 |
132,583 |
152,325 |
162,610 |
Days from calving to last breeding |
37,826 |
38,818 |
41,371 |
42,393 |
70,683 |
76,615 |
85,614 |
107,128 |
122,026 |
128,486 |
Days from first to last breeding |
47,957 |
48,459 |
51,401 |
53,777 |
88,799 |
95,153 |
104,269 |
128,601 |
147,635 |
156,662 |
Conception rate for first breedings |
45,066 |
46,829 |
49,676 |
51,739 |
80,984 |
89,872 |
98,937 |
120,328 |
138,131 |
144,578 |
Conception rate for all breedings |
100,573 |
105,311 |
114,717 |
122,099 |
194,896 |
221,561 |
235,304 |
282,831 |
324,064 |
337,081 |
Calving interval |
26,679 |
28,320 |
29,247 |
30,833 |
49,333 |
53,375 |
58,354 |
76,190 |
81,134 |
81,417 |
F) MILKING SHORTHORN
SAS Output
Breedings per conception |
300 |
359 |
560 |
445 |
775 |
813 |
686 |
911 |
948 |
1,195 |
Days from calving to first breeding |
313 |
386 |
604 |
472 |
793 |
852 |
710 |
937 |
994 |
1,246 |
Days from calving to last breeding |
167 |
239 |
376 |
299 |
498 |
572 |
469 |
636 |
694 |
832 |
Days from first to last breeding |
300 |
359 |
560 |
445 |
775 |
813 |
686 |
911 |
948 |
1,195 |
Conception rate for first breedings |
253 |
310 |
469 |
378 |
658 |
724 |
612 |
791 |
805 |
1,047 |
Conception rate for all breedings |
440 |
588 |
869 |
741 |
1,299 |
1,444 |
1,311 |
1,623 |
1,699 |
1,980 |
Calving interval |
84 |
165 |
172 |
203 |
318 |
306 |
304 |
357 |
462 |
401 |
G) RED & WHITE
SAS Output
Breedings per conception |
1,096 |
1,276 |
1,234 |
1,101 |
1,379 |
1,292 |
1,168 |
1,206 |
1,215 |
1,173 |
Days from calving to first breeding |
1,112 |
1,326 |
1,276 |
1,138 |
1,407 |
1,326 |
1,209 |
1,257 |
1,270 |
1,215 |
Days from calving to last breeding |
755 |
865 |
861 |
763 |
982 |
889 |
867 |
914 |
835 |
861 |
Days from first to last breeding |
1,096 |
1,276 |
1,234 |
1,101 |
1,379 |
1,292 |
1,168 |
1,206 |
1,215 |
1,173 |
Conception rate for first breedings |
948 |
1,159 |
1,115 |
988 |
1,248 |
1,205 |
1,082 |
1,147 |
1,144 |
1,080 |
Conception rate for all breedings |
2,248 |
2,970 |
2,667 |
2,440 |
3,302 |
2,952 |
2,529 |
2,742 |
2,634 |
2,453 |
Calving interval |
505 |
612 |
514 |
534 |
686 |
584 |
566 |
582 |
591 |
563 |