Summary of DHI Herd Averages
DHI Report K-3

DHI Herd Averages 2018  
Table 1. 2018 Averages of DHI cow herds by herd size

  Records Milk Fat Protein
Herd size (cow-years per herd) Herds Cow-years (lbs) (%) (lbs) % Reporting (%) (lbs) % Reporting
5- 24 314 5,040 16,804 4.11 689 100 3.24 543 100
25- 49 2,546 102,599 19,040 3.96 754 100 3.12 595 100
50- 74 3,459 209,657 20,953 3.90 817 100 3.11 652 100
75- 99 2,022 173,775 21,388 3.91 836 100 3.14 672 100
100- 149 2,208 268,604 21,913 3.91 857 99 3.14 689 99
150- 199 1,042 179,686 22,357 3.91 875 99 3.14 703 99
200- 299 1,141 277,878 23,369 3.88 909 99 3.14 736 99
300- 399 584 202,255 23,829 3.89 928 98 3.14 750 98
400- 499 395 176,465 25,049 3.87 969 98 3.13 783 97
500- 749 607 369,485 25,134 3.85 970 98 3.13 790 97
750- 999 318 275,484 25,578 3.85 987 98 3.14 805 97
1,000-1,499 353 431,397 25,198 3.87 979 98 3.15 798 96
1,500-1,999 199 342,665 25,903 3.85 997 100 3.16 820 99
2,000-2,999 195 475,165 25,839 3.88 1,004 100 3.18 823 98
3,000-3,999 83 283,311 25,258 3.88 982 98 3.20 808 97
4,000+ 92 528,788 25,244 3.87 975 98 3.20 809 99
All Herds 15,558 4,302,253 24,324 3.88 944 99 3.16 769 98 

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DHI Herd Averages 2018  
Table 2. 2018 Averages of DHI cow herds by breed and test-plan category

  Records Milk Fat Protein
Breed Test Plan Category Herds Cow-years Cow-years per herd (lb) (%) (lb) % Reporting (%) (lb) % Reporting
Ayrshire Official 44 2,260 51 16,112 3.99 643 100 3.18 512 100
  Management 6 333 55 11,478 3.83 439 100 3.11 357 100
  All plans 50 2,593 52 15,517 3.98 617 100 3.17 493 100
Brown Swiss Official 121 9,558 79 19,121 4.18 800 100 3.44 659 100
  Management 7 331 47 16,343 4.16 681 100 3.36 550 100
  All plans 128 9,889 77 19,028 4.18 796 100 3.44 655 100
Guernsey Official 66 3,256 49 15,122 4.70 710 100 3.41 516 100
  Management 10 331 33 12,900 4.47 577 100 3.44 444 100
  All plans 76 3,586 47 14,917 4.68 698 100 3.41 509 100
Holstein Official 8,541 3,022,821 354 25,669 3.79 972 99 3.11 800 99
  Management 4,027 490,572 122 23,097 3.85 888 95 3.08 710 94
  All plans 12,568 3,513,393 280 25,310 3.79 961 99 3.11 788 98
Jersey Official 680 284,473 418 18,161 4.87 884 100 3.70 671 100
  Management 138 13,285 96 14,585 4.97 734 98 3.66 538 97
  All plans 818 297,758 364 18,001 4.87 877 100 3.70 666 100
Milking Shorthorn Official 24 1,028 43 14,152 3.75 530 100 3.16 447 100
  Management 1 95 95 14,851 3.53 524 100 3.08 458 100
  All plans 25 1,123 45 14,211 3.73 530 100 3.15 448 100
Multi-breeds /1 Official 1,366 381,416 279 21,809 4.06 885 99 3.28 716 99
  Management 522 92,145 177 18,865 4.11 771 92 3.29 617 92
  All plans 1,888 473,560 251 21,236 4.07 865 98 3.28 698 98
All breeds Official 10,842 3,704,811 342 24,660 3.87 956 99 3.16 781 99
  Management 4,711 597,092 127 22,237 3.90 867 94 3.12 692 93
  All plans 15,553 4,301,902 277 24,324 3.88 944 99 3.16 769 98 

1 If no breed has 75% or more of the cows, the herd is designated a multi-breed herd
 
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DHI Herd Averages 2018  
Table 3. 2018 Averages of DHI cow herds in official test plans by State

  Records Milk Fat Protein
State Herds Cow-years Cow-years per herd (lb) (%) (lb) % Reporting (%) (lb) % Reporting
Alabama 9 1,882 209 15,638 3.91 612 100 3.27 512 100
Arizona 13 31,688 2,438 22,943 3.60 825 100 3.14 721 97
Arkansas 11 2,086 190 16,108 3.83 617 100 3.22 519 100
California 603 851,577 1,412 24,325 3.88 944 100 3.25 791 98
Colorado 41 70,940 1,730 25,628 3.81 987 95 3.17 811 100
Connecticut 63 13,531 215 23,919 3.98 952 100 3.11 745 100
Delaware 18 3,507 195 23,818 3.77 897 100 3.09 735 100
Florida 17 29,661 1,745 24,815 3.67 928 91 3.10 783 91
Georgia 51 17,362 340 24,011 3.81 919 98 3.10 747 98
Idaho 112 176,543 1,576 24,785 3.88 962 100 3.21 796 99
Illinois 243 45,474 187 24,525 3.90 956 100 3.13 767 100
Indiana 172 40,195 234 24,960 3.75 935 100 3.11 776 100
Iowa 425 106,476 251 24,993 3.96 991 100 3.16 790 100
Kansas 96 29,446 307 24,476 3.79 927 99 3.16 776 89
Kentucky 53 11,385 215 24,146 3.69 890 100 3.10 749 100
Louisiana 11 1,611 146 19,575 3.66 711 90 3.12 606 90
Maine 97 15,435 159 23,161 3.95 915 100 3.12 723 100
Maryland 184 27,686 150 22,105 3.86 853 100 3.10 685 100
Massachusetts 52 4,801 92 20,714 4.05 839 100 3.19 660 100
Michigan 442 180,693 409 26,324 3.79 999 94 3.10 816 99
Minnesota 1,141 217,803 191 24,567 3.85 946 100 3.14 772 100
Mississippi 19 3,197 168 19,126 4.04 773 100 3.28 627 100
Missouri 126 16,922 134 21,874 3.79 829 100 3.14 687 100
Montana 17 3,718 219 24,534 3.73 915 100 3.07 741 81
Nebraska 53 27,504 519 23,644 3.89 920 100 3.20 756 100
Nevada 9 7,054 784 22,665 3.88 880 100 3.33 754 100
New Hampshire 56 8,036 143 23,110 4.02 930 100 3.15 728 100
New Jersey 35 3,426 98 21,156 3.77 797 100 3.10 656 100
New Mexico 16 53,573 3,348 24,645 3.63 894 100 3.18 784 100
New York 1,156 347,840 301 25,263 3.89 982 100 3.08 778 100
North Carolina 77 19,787 257 23,791 3.99 946 97 3.14 745 97
North Dakota 12 4,274 356 24,232 3.66 888 100 3.15 763 100
Ohio 464 79,628 172 24,010 3.96 950 100 3.15 757 100
Oklahoma 24 3,365 140 18,280 3.76 688 100 3.21 587 100
Oregon 107 43,698 408 20,220 4.27 864 100 3.37 682 100
Pennsylvania 1,781 233,964 131 23,622 3.83 905 100 3.09 730 100
Rhode Island 5 295 59 19,899 4.04 803 100 3.24 645 100
South Carolina 27 5,829 216 19,616 3.94 772 100 3.25 637 100
South Dakota 48 20,057 418 23,903 3.95 944 100 3.18 761 100
Tennessee 69 12,464 181 20,694 3.87 803 96 3.12 648 96
Texas 88 87,276 992 20,949 4.19 876 98 3.40 712 98
Utah 83 34,615 417 23,288 3.92 913 100 3.23 753 100
Vermont 211 45,819 217 23,953 3.89 934 99 3.16 758 98
Virginia 198 46,530 235 23,999 3.86 928 100 3.06 735 100
Washington 111 68,951 621 23,739 4.04 958 100 3.21 764 99
West Virginia 22 2,293 104 19,453 3.88 755 100 3.15 612 100
Wisconsin 2,178 645,229 296 26,473 3.85 1021 100 3.12 825 100
United States 10,846 3,705,123 342 24,660 3.87 956 99 3.16 781 99 

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DHI Herd Averages 2018  
Table 4. 2018 Averages of DHI cow herds in management test plans by State

  Records Milk Fat Protein
State Herds Cow-years Cow-years per herd (lb) (%) (lb) % Reporting (%) (lb) % Reporting
Alabama 5 748 150 16,791 3.51 585 72 3.09 514 72
Arizona 2 8,286 4,143 21,199 3.42 725 100 3.02 640 100
Arkansas 5 667 133 15,311 3.78 586 81 3.23 494 100
California 22 23,702 1,077 23,551 3.92 922 100 3.22 758 100
Colorado 2 1,135 568 24,122 3.67 886 100 3.19 697 38
Connecticut 1 49 49 27,100 3.92 1063 100 3.08 834 100
Delaware 3 95 32 17,478 4.15 726 100 3.05 533 100
Florida 18 12,631 702 20,025 3.47 684 68 3.04 598 62
Georgia 19 9,927 522 20,079 3.77 742 86 3.20 628 86
Idaho 7 4,701 672 23,912 3.63 869 100 3.12 747 100
Illinois 42 4,612 110 21,751 3.89 827 85 3.13 667 85
Indiana 88 11,590 132 24,906 3.94 969 92 3.07 756 92
Iowa 91 17,225 189 23,893 3.94 949 94 3.14 756 94
Kansas 26 3,415 131 19,133 3.92 750 96 3.24 620 96
Kentucky 185 19,183 104 21,301 3.68 773 95 3.07 647 96
Louisiana 24 3,229 135 15,031 3.62 549 86 3.15 477 86
Maine 4 561 140 21,827 4.23 924 100 3.12 681 100
Maryland 37 3,760 102 21,879 3.69 806 100 3.02 660 100
Massachusetts 6 371 62 19,016 4.16 791 100 3.20 608 100
Michigan 54 17,668 327 24,585 3.86 950 99 3.11 764 99
Minnesota 220 24,246 110 22,838 4.06 921 98 3.16 721 100
Mississippi 8 1,024 128 14,283 3.90 557 100 3.27 467 100
Missouri 102 19,075 187 16,314 3.79 619 100 3.24 528 100
Montana 3 293 98 23,047 3.89 898 100 3.09 712 100
Nebraska 20 5,243 262 25,816 3.61 932 100 3.14 810 100
New Hampshire 5 316 63 16,396 4.00 656 100 3.20 525 100
New York 280 25,324 90 22,044 3.92 860 98 3.07 675 98
North Carolina 24 5,279 220 22,076 4.13 917 96 3.17 708 95
North Dakota 7 2,368 338 23,657 3.85 910 100 3.06 724 100
Ohio 193 34,138 177 22,706 3.93 893 92 3.15 714 92
Oklahoma 24 3,456 144 16,764 3.82 640 100 3.22 540 100
Oregon 5 1,076 215 11,381 3.95 516 75 3.30 432 75
Pennsylvania 1,685 112,037 66 22,671 3.82 864 98 3.05 690 98
South Carolina 3 1,264 421 17,570 3.98 711 87 3.19 570 87
South Dakota 25 17,572 703 23,084 4.13 954 99 3.28 757 100
Tennessee 6 752 125 18,638 4.38 770 78 3.26 572 78
Texas 26 30,335 1,167 19,991 3.85 759 69 3.16 623 69
Utah 13 2,647 204 22,801 4.04 921 100 3.21 672 53
Vermont 65 8,392 129 20,278 4.18 812 85 3.22 627 85
Virginia 67 9,719 145 20,767 3.76 769 91 3.08 631 91
Washington 9 8,524 947 24,275 3.97 963 100 3.33 745 42
West Virginia 2 202 101 21,412 3.89 833 100 3.08 659 100
Wisconsin 1,279 140,294 110 23,046 4.01 921 97 3.11 714 97
United States 4,712 597,130 127 22,237 3.90 867 94 3.12 692 93 

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DHI Herd Averages - 2018 Percentile Thresholds  
Table 5. 2018 Percentile thresholds for herds with 25 cows or more in official test plans by breed and yield trait

Table 5A. Milk
Percentile Ayrshire Brown Swiss Guernsey Holstein Jersey Milking Shorthorn
99 21,301 28,263 23,398 31,833 23,133 18,894
90 20,884 22,946 18,834 28,322 19,855 18,894
80 18,884 21,488 17,607 26,768 18,576 16,256
70 18,002 20,421 16,429 25,598 17,754 16,109
60 17,214 19,386 16,035 24,576 17,060 15,973
50 15,327 18,512 15,556 23,642 16,327 15,483
40 14,661 17,985 14,536 22,645 15,533 14,047
30 14,543 16,277 12,991 21,487 14,414 12,226
20 12,311 14,847 12,522 19,984 13,374 11,578
10 9,983 12,324 10,994 17,773 11,422 11,185
0 7,650 8,032 6,368 5,313 4,358 9,915
Number of Herds 33 104 47 8,428 640 15

 

 
Table 5B. Fat
Percentile Ayrshire Brown Swiss Guernsey Holstein Jersey Milking Shorthorn
99 893 1,264 1,228 1,239 1,151 712
90 832 986 1,023 1,088 978 712
80 740 897 814 1,021 918 643
70 710 846 770 975 875 639
60 690 811 738 937 834 605
50 618 778 699 900 797 526
40 579 715 674 862 740 518
30 566 675 597 819 693 454
20 459 601 550 762 624 436
10 377 502 477 681 537 414
0 314 309 290 199 204 404
Number of Herds 33 104 47 8,428 640 15

 

 
Table 5C. Protein
Percentile Ayrshire Brown Swiss Guernsey Holstein Jersey Milking Shorthorn
99 690 998 753 982 821 582
90 662 793 653 877 730 582
80 601 746 583 831 694 523
70 578 702 564 795 658 514
60 560 673 549 764 626 505
50 494 649 527 736 600 494
40 470 601 493 705 570 446
30 458 565 464 670 535 405
20 399 504 423 625 484 380
10 314 404 371 555 413 349
0 226 276 217 152 159 299
Number of Herds 33 104 47 8,428 640 15 

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2018 DHI Goat Herd Averages  
Table 6. 2018 Averages of DHI goat herds by State

  Records Milk Fat Protein
State Herds Doe-years Doe-years per herd (lb) (%) (lb) (%) (lb) % Reporting
Alabama 3 30 10 729 4.71 34 3.76 27 100
Arizona 9 122 14 1,135 4.62 52 3.92 62 52
Arkansas 5 61 12 1,273 3.63 46 2.98 38 100
California 68 7,752 113 1,742 3.67 64 3.28 58 97
Colorado 6 118 20 1,586 3.79 60 3.02 48 93
Connecticut 4 33 8 1,711 3.68 63 3.25 56 100
Delaware 1 3 3 1,445 4.78 69 3.32 48 100
Florida 13 137 11 987 4.20 41 3.28 32 100
Georgia 12 148 12 1,762 3.66 65 2.96 52 100
Idaho 17 329 19 1,421 4.51 64 3.36 49 96
Illinois 9 805 90 2,011 3.57 72 3.00 60 100
Indiana 12 192 16 1,353 3.65 49 2.93 40 100
Iowa 10 923 93 2,229 3.31 74 2.86 64 100
Kansas 10 117 12 1,357 4.26 58 3.34 45 100
Kentucky 8 139 17 1,253 4.42 55 3.45 43 100
Louisiana 3 28 9 1,195 5.28 63 3.77 45 100
Maine 9 130 15 930 4.40 41 3.59 33 100
Maryland 11 520 47 1,874 3.32 62 3.06 59 97
Massachusetts 4 49 13 942 4.95 47 3.65 34 100
Michigan 10 65 7 1,407 4.54 64 2.96 50 77
Minnesota 21 1,479 71 2,133 3.51 75 3.03 65 100
Mississippi 3 24 8 2,246 4.50 101 3.46 78 100
Missouri 11 120 11 1,482 4.14 61 3.10 46 100
Montana 3 26 9 426 8.21 35 4.19 27 34
Nebraska 1 20 20 1,459 3.77 55 3.15 46 100
New Hampshire 5 44 9 1,137 4.51 51 3.33 38 100
New Jersey 5 33 7 1,088 4.29 47 3.27 42 75
New Mexico 5 51 10 886 6.27 56 3.53 45 47
New York 14 443 32 1,829 3.46 63 3.04 56 98
North Carolina 18 426 24 1,248 3.76 47 3.17 40 100
Ohio 12 134 11 1,159 4.48 52 3.42 47 75
Oklahoma 12 145 12 1,092 4.93 54 3.53 39 100
Oregon 43 1,306 31 1,680 3.71 62 3.13 54 96
Pennsylvania 15 701 47 1,426 3.73 53 3.07 44 100
South Carolina 1 10 10 347 6.05 21 0
Tennessee 7 170 24 1,402 4.08 57 3.51 49 100
Texas 19 231 12 1,727 3.79 65 3.20 55 100
Utah 8 251 32 1,503 4.50 68 3.75 58 94
Vermont 7 1,050 150 1,808 3.10 56 2.93 53 54
Virginia 17 202 12 854 3.88 33 3.42 32 85
Washington 43 505 12 1,250 4.87 61 3.60 59 59
West Virginia 2 19 9 1,994 3.83 76 3.14 63 100
Wisconsin 37 3,609 98 2,010 3.49 70 2.95 61 97
Wyoming 14 150 11 1,746 4.16 73 3.30 59 90
United States 544 22,847 42 1,754 3.66 64 3.14 56 94 

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2018 DHI Goat Herd Averages  
Table 7. 2018 Averages of DHI goat herds by breed

  Records Milk Fat Protein
Breed Herds Doe-years (lb) (lb) Herds Doe-years (lb)
Alpine 63 1,922 2,171 75 62 1,907 65
Experimental 5 143 1,001 55 4 17 72
LaMancha 44 561 2,135 81 44 561 65
Miniature Goat 1 3 760 31 1 3 34
Multi-breeds /1 154 16,302 1,826 65 146 15,576 57
Nigerian Dwarf 142 1,673 599 35 105 1,255 26
Nubian 95 1,207 1,407 66 90 1,158 54
Oberhasli 11 295 1,398 48 10 274 43
Saanen 19 507 2,578 88 19 507 75
Sable 1 53 1,463 50 1 53 39
Toggenburg 9 183 1,567 51 9 183 46
All Breeds 544 22,847 1,754 64 490 21,494 56 

1 If no breed has 75% or more of the goats, the herd is designated a multi-breed herd
 
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We wish to acknowledge the contribution of the dairy producers who supplied data for this report through their participation in the DHI program and the Dairy Records Processing Centers that processed and relayed the information on to the Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding (CDCB).