Summary of DHI Herd Averages
DHI Report K-3

DHI Herd Averages 2019  
Table 1. 2019 Averages of DHI cow herds by herd size

  Records Milk Fat Protein
Herd size (cow-years per herd) Herds Cow-years (lbs) (%) (lbs) % Reporting (%) (lbs) % Reporting
5- 24 292 4,788 16,322 4.14 675 99 3.24 529 99
25- 49 2,109 85,269 18,629 3.99 742 100 3.14 585 100
50- 74 3,070 186,438 20,805 3.93 818 100 3.13 651 100
75- 99 1,798 154,389 21,243 3.93 836 100 3.15 669 100
100- 149 1,956 238,887 21,851 3.93 858 99 3.16 690 99
150- 199 935 161,295 22,115 3.95 874 99 3.16 700 98
200- 299 1,052 256,819 23,219 3.90 908 98 3.16 734 98
300- 399 529 181,912 23,978 3.92 941 98 3.15 756 98
400- 499 386 172,537 24,604 3.91 965 98 3.14 777 98
500- 749 573 349,954 25,330 3.88 984 99 3.14 798 97
750- 999 288 249,889 25,830 3.86 999 98 3.15 816 96
1,000-1,499 341 416,120 25,380 3.91 994 97 3.17 808 96
1,500-1,999 202 346,283 26,041 3.89 1,014 99 3.18 829 98
2,000-2,999 194 472,851 26,129 3.92 1,024 99 3.19 834 98
3,000-3,999 87 297,151 25,926 3.91 1,013 99 3.20 831 98
4,000+ 104 596,035 24,968 3.94 984 100 3.24 810 99
All Herds 13,916 4,170,617 24,462 3.91 958 99 3.18 778 98 

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DHI Herd Averages 2019  
Table 2. 2019 Averages of DHI cow herds by breed and test-plan category

  Records Milk Fat Protein
Breed Test Plan Category Herds Cow-years Cow-years per herd (lb) (%) (lb) % Reporting (%) (lb) % Reporting
Ayrshire Official 39 1,979 51 15,748 4.01 632 100 3.18 501 100
  Management 4 133 33 9,300 3.65 340 100 3.16 294 100
  All plans 43 2,112 49 15,342 4.00 613 100 3.18 488 100
Brown Swiss Official 114 9,012 79 19,310 4.17 805 100 3.44 664 100
  Management 8 405 51 15,413 4.24 654 100 3.43 528 100
  All plans 122 9,416 77 19,142 4.17 798 100 3.44 658 100
Guernsey Official 61 2,995 49 14,794 4.68 692 100 3.41 504 100
  Management 7 224 32 13,119 4.57 600 100 3.42 449 100
  All plans 68 3,219 47 14,678 4.67 685 100 3.41 500 100
Holstein Official 7,627 2,898,849 380 25,946 3.82 991 99 3.13 812 99
  Management 3,552 448,317 126 23,239 3.87 898 96 3.10 718 95
  All plans 11,179 3,347,166 299 25,583 3.82 979 99 3.12 800 98
Jersey Official 641 315,552 492 18,098 4.88 883 100 3.70 671 100
  Management 117 11,239 96 13,254 4.86 660 95 3.60 483 96
  All plans 758 326,791 431 17,931 4.88 875 100 3.70 664 99
Milking Shorthorn Official 20 750 37 13,587 3.71 504 100 3.12 424 100
  Management 1 92 92 12,988 3.33 432 100 3.08 400 100
  All plans 21 842 40 13,522 3.67 496 100 3.12 422 100
Multi-breeds /1 Official 1,237 387,738 313 21,840 4.11 898 99 3.31 723 99
  Management 484 93,036 192 19,185 4.14 789 94 3.33 635 94
  All plans 1,721 480,774 279 21,326 4.11 878 98 3.31 707 98
All breeds Official 9,739 3,616,874 371 24,787 3.91 970 100 3.18 789 99
  Management 4,173 553,445 133 22,340 3.92 874 95 3.14 699 95
  All plans 13,912 4,170,319 300 24,462 3.91 958 99 3.18 778 98 

1 If no breed has 75% or more of the cows, the herd is designated a multi-breed herd
 
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DHI Herd Averages 2019  
Table 3. 2019 Averages of DHI cow herds in official test plans by State

  Records Milk Fat Protein
State Herds Cow-years Cow-years per herd (lb) (%) (lb) % Reporting (%) (lb) % Reporting
Alabama 3 724 241 18,254 3.90 712 100 3.25 593 100
Arizona 12 29,172 2,431 23,007 3.80 874 100 3.12 718 100
Arkansas 9 1,611 179 16,236 3.80 616 100 3.23 524 100
California 582 851,841 1,464 24,416 3.91 955 100 3.27 798 97
Colorado 36 61,535 1,709 25,203 3.86 974 100 3.19 804 100
Connecticut 51 12,433 244 24,007 4.01 962 100 3.15 755 100
Delaware 14 2,664 190 23,797 3.94 937 100 3.14 746 100
Florida 15 21,255 1,417 24,553 3.65 903 92 3.09 765 92
Georgia 43 11,309 263 22,871 3.81 877 97 3.15 724 97
Idaho 110 195,466 1,777 24,739 3.96 980 100 3.25 805 99
Illinois 224 43,123 193 24,438 3.90 952 100 3.15 771 100
Indiana 152 38,913 256 25,130 3.78 949 100 3.15 790 100
Iowa 390 105,339 270 25,229 3.95 998 100 3.17 800 100
Kansas 91 30,524 335 25,085 3.79 951 99 3.14 797 89
Kentucky 43 10,164 236 24,840 3.70 919 100 3.11 773 100
Louisiana 10 1,412 141 19,388 3.67 711 100 3.13 607 100
Maine 89 15,127 170 23,703 4.00 949 100 3.14 745 100
Maryland 161 25,795 160 21,957 3.92 861 100 3.12 686 100
Massachusetts 45 3,915 87 21,334 4.05 864 100 3.20 683 100
Michigan 395 166,572 422 26,643 3.84 1022 97 3.11 827 98
Minnesota 1,024 220,163 215 24,311 3.94 958 100 3.18 772 100
Mississippi 16 3,019 189 19,048 4.05 771 100 3.30 628 100
Missouri 119 13,891 117 19,891 3.95 785 100 3.22 641 100
Montana 14 3,261 233 24,744 3.74 925 100 3.06 739 76
Nebraska 47 25,943 552 23,578 3.90 920 100 3.20 755 100
Nevada 8 10,830 1,354 23,230 3.92 911 100 3.29 764 100
New Hampshire 54 7,113 132 22,698 4.08 926 100 3.19 724 100
New Jersey 30 2,957 99 20,632 3.78 780 100 3.11 642 100
New Mexico 18 63,522 3,529 24,546 3.67 906 99 3.19 788 99
New York 1,027 341,029 332 25,726 3.92 1008 100 3.10 798 100
North Carolina 76 20,761 273 23,940 4.02 961 100 3.16 757 100
North Dakota 12 4,329 361 23,837 3.70 882 100 3.15 751 100
Ohio 397 73,788 186 23,942 3.98 954 100 3.16 756 100
Oklahoma 23 3,103 135 17,102 3.83 655 100 3.22 551 100
Oregon 97 39,831 411 20,751 4.30 891 100 3.40 706 100
Pennsylvania 1,603 220,883 138 23,508 3.88 911 99 3.11 731 99
Rhode Island 4 214 54 21,915 4.12 903 100 3.20 701 100
South Carolina 23 5,076 221 19,297 4.01 774 100 3.25 626 100
South Dakota 43 27,193 632 24,508 4.03 987 100 3.17 776 100
Tennessee 54 7,680 142 19,912 4.00 795 100 3.16 629 100
Texas 76 84,839 1,116 20,700 4.36 903 94 3.47 718 94
Utah 81 34,858 430 23,187 3.98 923 100 3.24 755 91
Vermont 196 45,431 232 24,242 3.96 962 99 3.17 769 99
Virginia 161 37,824 235 23,495 3.83 900 98 3.08 723 98
Washington 92 64,019 696 24,254 4.09 992 100 3.23 783 100
West Virginia 18 1,775 99 19,016 3.89 740 100 3.14 598 100
Wisconsin 1,954 624,927 320 26,805 3.87 1037 100 3.12 837 100
United States 9,742 3,617,152 371 24,787 3.91 970 100 3.18 789 99 

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DHI Herd Averages 2019  
Table 4. 2019 Averages of DHI cow herds in management test plans by State

  Records Milk Fat Protein
State Herds Cow-years Cow-years per herd (lb) (%) (lb) % Reporting (%) (lb) % Reporting
Alabama 7 839 120 16,313 3.60 596 76 3.11 515 76
Arizona 1 7,776 7,776 24,444 3.35 819 100 3.01 736 100
Arkansas 4 647 162 15,175 3.63 551 100 3.16 480 100
California 21 22,899 1,090 23,883 3.83 916 100 3.20 765 97
Colorado 2 1,097 548 23,882 3.86 923 100 3.03 664 32
Connecticut 1 50 50 26,875 4.03 1082 100 3.07 824 100
Delaware 4 418 104 24,896 3.87 963 100 2.97 740 100
Florida 16 10,357 647 19,901 3.53 640 58 3.03 551 58
Georgia 15 9,770 651 21,370 3.92 831 88 3.17 671 88
Idaho 5 4,332 866 24,921 3.67 915 100 3.10 772 100
Illinois 35 3,762 107 20,921 3.85 782 81 3.14 639 81
Indiana 85 11,842 139 24,657 3.96 964 92 3.09 756 91
Iowa 86 16,398 191 23,612 3.96 934 98 3.18 749 98
Kansas 24 2,781 116 19,298 3.95 763 100 3.24 625 100
Kentucky 177 18,527 105 21,604 3.72 799 98 3.08 662 99
Louisiana 21 2,944 140 14,953 3.76 569 89 3.21 486 89
Maine 3 498 166 22,236 4.19 932 100 3.15 700 100
Maryland 36 3,857 107 20,799 3.80 800 96 3.06 644 96
Massachusetts 11 673 61 17,081 4.23 722 100 3.26 557 100
Michigan 55 17,072 310 24,675 3.94 975 98 3.13 774 98
Minnesota 194 23,132 119 23,336 4.11 959 100 3.18 743 100
Mississippi 11 1,768 161 14,238 3.78 538 100 3.26 464 100
Missouri 87 12,297 141 14,717 3.99 594 97 3.26 479 100
Montana 3 298 99 22,915 3.75 859 100 3.06 701 100
Nebraska 20 5,632 282 24,438 3.48 851 98 3.17 772 86
New Hampshire 5 316 63 17,030 4.10 699 100 3.20 546 100
New Jersey 1 207 207 20,411 0 0
New York 229 23,272 102 22,848 4.03 919 99 3.08 703 99
North Carolina 22 5,039 229 22,230 4.10 920 96 3.12 700 96
North Dakota 6 4,064 677 27,090 3.88 1051 100 3.20 868 100
Ohio 184 34,000 185 22,480 3.93 879 95 3.20 716 95
Oklahoma 23 3,693 161 15,925 3.86 615 100 3.24 515 100
Oregon 4 870 217 10,517 3.97 494 69 3.24 403 69
Pennsylvania 1,428 98,498 69 22,447 3.85 866 99 3.07 690 99
South Carolina 3 1,278 426 16,690 4.15 699 88 3.23 544 88
South Dakota 23 15,303 665 22,345 4.33 967 99 3.35 749 100
Tennessee 6 1,327 221 23,177 3.77 877 88 3.03 705 88
Texas 27 32,936 1,220 20,052 3.73 723 80 3.16 614 79
Utah 12 2,244 187 19,612 4.10 804 100 3.21 661 63
Vermont 66 8,459 128 20,507 4.22 822 84 3.24 630 84
Virginia 66 9,645 146 20,847 3.75 773 92 3.09 637 91
Washington 6 3,600 600 23,229 4.13 970 94 3.35 785 94
West Virginia 1 141 141 25,287 3.75 948 100 3.01 760 100
Wisconsin 1,138 128,910 113 23,317 4.01 930 97 3.12 723 97
United States 4,174 553,465 133 22,340 3.92 874 95 3.14 699 95 

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DHI Herd Averages - 2019 Percentile Thresholds  
Table 5. 2019 Percentile thresholds for herds with 25 cows or more in official test plans by breed and yield trait

Table 5A. Milk
Percentile Ayrshire Brown Swiss Guernsey Holstein Jersey Milking Shorthorn
99 22,174 28,812 25,807 31,866 22,049 16,357
90 20,828 23,152 18,834 28,540 19,680 16,357
80 19,527 21,441 16,624 26,904 18,688 15,593
70 18,203 20,164 16,205 25,759 17,836 15,466
60 17,233 19,459 15,757 24,663 17,153 13,191
50 15,687 18,691 14,850 23,633 16,470 12,548
40 14,949 17,560 13,960 22,598 15,499 12,222
30 13,560 16,765 12,591 21,343 14,356 11,826
20 12,241 14,722 11,247 19,858 12,936 11,323
10 10,826 12,366 10,642 17,616 11,054 11,221
0 6,723 4,062 6,331 4,505 5,356 10,522
Number of Herds 30 99 40 7,522 601 14

 

 
Table 5B. Fat
Percentile Ayrshire Brown Swiss Guernsey Holstein Jersey Milking Shorthorn
99 894 1,267 1,229 1,257 1,107 643
90 836 964 960 1,100 979 643
80 797 911 794 1,038 922 571
70 743 856 766 988 877 565
60 687 794 718 948 832 488
50 639 758 685 907 793 466
40 599 723 654 867 747 439
30 531 679 572 823 690 421
20 471 612 563 763 617 415
10 395 487 429 677 523 389
0 282 158 286 189 263 374
Number of Herds 30 99 40 7,522 601 14

 

 
Table 5C. Protein
Percentile Ayrshire Brown Swiss Guernsey Holstein Jersey Milking Shorthorn
99 697 990 871 990 814 509
90 672 799 655 887 722 509
80 630 743 584 838 694 476
70 572 700 557 802 663 468
60 530 669 534 770 630 410
50 500 649 496 739 602 406
40 476 603 478 707 572 380
30 424 570 432 668 524 372
20 384 515 394 624 473 350
10 344 403 341 555 405 344
0 204 137 215 143 194 334
Number of Herds 30 99 40 7,522 601 14 

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2019 DHI Goat Herd Averages  
Table 6. 2019 Averages of DHI goat herds by State

  Records Milk Fat Protein
State Herds Doe-years Doe-years per herd (lb) (%) (lb) (%) (lb) % Reporting
Alabama 5 61 12 801 4.51 36 3.73 31 87
Arizona 10 128 13 1,081 5.19 56 3.72 48 68
Arkansas 6 56 9 1,628 3.30 54 3.06 41 83
California 62 6,076 99 1,925 3.57 69 3.24 63 98
Colorado 10 151 15 1,712 3.89 67 3.25 56 100
Connecticut 5 37 8 1,438 3.81 55 3.30 47 100
Delaware 2 5 3 1,559 4.69 73 3.50 55 100
Florida 15 166 11 1,052 4.63 49 3.42 36 100
Georgia 13 139 11 1,667 3.76 63 3.06 51 100
Idaho 18 250 14 1,375 4.62 64 3.52 55 80
Illinois 11 566 52 2,233 3.43 77 3.00 67 100
Indiana 11 164 15 1,401 3.77 53 3.06 43 100
Iowa 10 989 99 2,261 3.18 72 2.84 64 100
Kansas 12 156 13 1,602 3.94 63 3.37 54 100
Kentucky 8 150 19 1,523 4.44 68 3.38 52 100
Louisiana 3 40 13 1,268 5.37 68 3.69 47 100
Maine 9 142 16 1,089 4.57 50 3.61 40 96
Maryland 12 566 47 1,735 3.43 60 3.21 58 94
Massachusetts 4 102 26 830 4.38 36 3.56 30 100
Michigan 16 117 7 1,395 4.43 62 3.24 48 73
Minnesota 19 1,465 77 2,179 3.53 77 3.02 66 100
Mississippi 8 47 6 1,722 4.27 73 3.44 59 100
Missouri 11 132 12 1,476 4.19 62 3.19 47 100
Montana 5 38 8 926 5.52 51 4.03 37 100
New Hampshire 2 23 11 1,757 4.23 74 3.38 59 100
New Jersey 2 10 5 2,032 3.71 75 3.25 66 100
New Mexico 5 44 9 862 4.65 40 3.61 40 68
New York 15 327 22 2,074 3.59 74 3.05 67 94
North Carolina 13 194 15 1,758 3.37 59 3.11 55 100
Ohio 16 187 12 1,131 4.55 52 3.42 44 83
Oklahoma 11 114 10 1,086 5.18 56 3.62 40 93
Oregon 51 1,509 29 1,419 3.85 55 3.20 47 94
Pennsylvania 22 956 44 1,567 3.57 56 3.01 48 98
Rhode Island 1 5 5 728 4.12 30 100
Tennessee 13 201 16 1,300 4.17 54 3.51 46 100
Texas 25 381 15 1,286 4.46 57 3.50 45 100
Utah 9 242 27 1,354 4.53 61 3.73 52 92
Vermont 9 1,102 123 1,591 3.58 57 2.89 54 82
Virginia 13 175 14 884 4.86 43 3.61 32 100
Washington 48 458 9 1,252 4.98 62 3.66 57 67
West Virginia 3 19 6 1,519 3.90 59 3.27 50 100
Wisconsin 32 3,044 96 2,154 3.48 75 2.89 63 99
Wyoming 12 115 10 1,702 4.11 70 3.24 55 100
United States 584 20,846 36 1,805 3.66 66 3.12 58 96 

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2019 DHI Goat Herd Averages  
Table 7. 2019 Averages of DHI goat herds by breed

  Records Milk Fat Protein
Breed Herds Doe-years (lb) (lb) Herds Doe-years (lb)
Alpine 58 1,848 2,082 74 58 1,842 63
Experimental 5 35 1,205 62 4 31 45
LaMancha 45 550 2,062 79 45 550 64
Multi-breeds /1 159 14,199 1,948 68 151 13,898 61
Nigerian Dwarf 166 1,974 618 37 116 1,464 26
Nubian 101 1,334 1,345 63 96 1,296 51
Oberhasli 14 159 1,437 60 12 135 50
Saanen 23 578 2,403 80 22 575 70
Sable 4 91 1,629 56 4 91 47
Toggenburg 8 80 2,046 69 8 80 61
All Breeds 584 20,846 1,805 66 515 19,961 58 

1 If no breed has 75% or more of the goats, the herd is designated a multi-breed herd
 
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We wish to acknowledge the contribution of the dairy producers who supplied data for this report through their participation in the DHI program and the Dairy Records Processing Centers that processed and relayed the information on to the Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding (CDCB).