USDA Summary of 1997 Herd Averages

G.R. Wiggans
Agricultural Research Service - USDA
Beltsville, Maryland

Table 1. Averages of NCDHIP cow herds by herd size, 1997.

Herd size
cow-years<>(per herd)

Herds

Cow-years

Milk (lb)

Cow-years with fat data(%)

Fat (%)

Fat (lb)

Cow-years with protein  data(%)

Protein (%)

Protein (lb)

5-24

1,411

23,431

15,722

100

4.01

631

100

3.34

525

25-49

9,755

384,106

17,750

100

3.81

676

99

3.22

572

50-74

10,591

642,901

18,626

99

3.78

704

99

3.22

600

75-99

5,386

459,943

18,963

98

3.75

713

98

3.23

614

100-149

4,559

545,718

19,092

96

3.73

718

96

3.23

621

150-199

1,706

292,668

19,159

93

3.72

720

93

3.24

626

200-299

1,356

326,626

19,528

92

3.70

733

90

3.24

639

300-399

613

211,220

19,890

90

3.67

745

85

3.23

654

400-499

330

147,051

20,230

92

3.63

746

81

3.21

663

500-749

454

273,574

20,570

89

3.63

758

76

3.23

680

750-999

269

232,037

20,894

91

3.58

756

66

3.21

690

1,000-1,499

228

273,698

21,247

94

3.59

770

70

3.21

687

1,500-1,999

92

157,645

21,476

94

3.55

771

65

3.19

696

2,000-2,999

52

123,687

21,883

92

3.56

787

63

3.16

718

3,000-3,999

16

55,038

21,622

94

3.51

751

58

3.15

682

4,000+

3

16,523

20,725

100

3.57

740

72

3.18

636

All herds

36,821

4,165,865

19,535

95

3.70

726

88

3.22

630

1Herds with fewer than 5 cow-years not included in computing herd averages.

Table 2. Averages of NCDHIP cows herds by breed and category of test plan, 1997.

Category of test plan

Herds

Cow-years

Cow-years per herd

Milk (lb)

Cow-years with fat data (%)

Fat (%)

Fat (lb)

Cow-years with protein data (%)

Protein (%)

Protein (lb)

Ayrshire

Official

183

8,606

47

15,034

99

3.91

588

99

3.35

504

Management

16

589

37

11,623

100

4.18

486

100

3.36

391

All plans

199

9,195

46

14,815

100

3.92

581

100

3.35

496

Brown Swiss

Official

342

16,832

49

16,155

99

4.05

658

100

3.57

577

Management

27

999

37

13,960

100

4.18

584

100

3.55

495

All plans

369

17,831

48

16,032

99

4.06

654

100

3.57

572

Guernsey

Official

273

12,746

47

13,828

100

4.54

627

99

3.55

491

Management

75

2,725

36

13,184

100

4.49

591

98

3.49

459

All plans

348

15,471

44

13,714

100

4.53

621

99

3.54

486

Holstein

Official

23,581

3,109,856

132

20,210

97

3.63

738

89

3.20

648

Management

9,346

763,588

82

18,597

88

3.80

710

81

3.21

597

All plans

32,927

3,873,444

118

19,892

95

3.66

733

87

3.20

639

Jersey

Official

1,242

131,572

106

14,189

100

4.68

664

99

3.75

532

Management

182

11,100

61

12,390

94

4.76

592

92

3.75

467

All plans

1,424

142,672

100

14,049

99

4.69

659

99

3.75

528

Milking Shorthorn

Official

51

2,413

47

14,079

100

3.54

499

100

3.30

464

Management

9

354

39

13,744

100

3.84

528

100

3.25

447

All plans

60

2,767

46

14,036

100

3.58

502

100

3.29

462

Red and White

Official

34

2,259

66

19,005

100

3.71

704

100

3.23

615

Management

6

426

71

15,166

64

3.72

640

64

3.22

554

All plans

40

2,685

67

18,396

94

3.71

697

94

3.23

608

Mixed breeds

Official

1,099

76,294

69

15,957

96

3.85

617

96

3.32

530

Management

355

25,508

72

15,076

86

4.00

618

83

3.33

512

All plans

1,454

101,801

70

15,736

94

3.89

618

93

3.32

526

All breeds

Official

26,805

3,360,577

125

19,815

97

3.67

731

89

3.23

639

Management

10,016

805,289

80

18,366

88

3.82

705

81

3.22

591

All plans

36,821

4,165,865

113

19,535

95

3.70

726

88

3.22

630

Table 3. Averages of official NCDHIP cow herds by state, 1997.

State1

Herds

Cow-years

Cow- years per herd

Milk (lb)

Cow-years with fat data (%)

Fat (%)

Fat (lb)

Cow-years with protein data (%)

Protein (%)

Protein (lb)

Alabama

72

12,645

176

16,004

88

3.67

592

88

3.27

527

Alaska

Arizona

53

57,311

1,081

21,173

100

3.57

756

99

3.15

668

Arkansas

70

7,167

102

15,912

100

3.51

558

100

3.25

518

California

1,007

717,753

713

20,972

100

3.63

761

65

3.25

684

Colorado

71

30,377

428

23,352

100

3.52

822

98

3.17

740

Connecticut

117

13,623

116

20,684

98

3.62

748

98

3.17

656

Delaware

31

4,466

144

20,241

100

3.68

745

100

3.23

654

Florida

73

35,891

492

18,171

30

3.42

677

30

3.16

625

Georgia

181

45,126

249

18,076

63

3.51

639

56

3.21

579

Hawaii

1

283

283

15,950

100

3.47

554

0

Idaho

222

53,606

241

21,007

100

3.60

756

100

3.29

691

Illinois

671

53,562

80

19,280

100

3.70

713

100

3.24

624

Indiana

481

40,053

83

18,880

99

3.68

695

99

3.25

615

Iowa

1,301

94,478

73

19,113

100

3.74

714

100

3.24

619

Kansas

341

33,272

98

19,398

90

3.69

693

90

3.22

606

Kentucky

271

24,283

90

16,662

94

3.65

608

94

3.27

545

Louisiana

139

18,365

132

14,634

72

3.51

523

72

3.27

487

Maine

153

12,824

84

19,760

97

3.75

735

97

3.24

636

Maryland

441

39,519

90

19,401

100

3.77

732

100

3.24

629

Massachusetts

130

10,504

81

19,236

99

3.80

731

99

3.25

625

Michigan

997

113,044

113

20,856

97

3.83

797

97

3.21

669

Minnesota

3,476

275,025

79

19,083

100

3.77

720

100

3.22

615

Mississippi

77

13,805

179

17,313

96

3.61

627

96

3.26

567

Missouri

455

39,528

87

17,166

100

3.66

629

100

3.25

558

Montana

59

7,125

121

20,041

100

3.50

702

100

3.20

642

Nebraska

266

28,992

109

19,422

100

3.65

710

100

3.25

631

Nevada

21

9,048

431

20,594

100

3.69

760

98

3.20

662

New Hampshire

109

9,855

90

20,877

100

3.78

788

100

3.24

677

New Jersey

99

8,371

85

19,344

100

3.70

716

100

3.23

625

New Mexico

29

34,206

1,180

21,425

100

3.41

730

94

3.13

674

New York

2,479

269,358

109

20,049

98

3.69

741

98

3.18

638

North Carolina

238

37,990

160

18,569

90

3.64

673

90

3.18

589

North Dakota

73

6,576

90

17,457

91

3.58

611

91

3.23

552

Ohio

993

83,675

84

19,487

100

3.72

725

100

3.26

636

Oklahoma

127

13,230

104

17,424

99

3.43

598

99

3.23

562

Oregon

243

48,545

200

20,539

100

3.78

777

100

3.31

680

Pennsylvania

3,742

264,439

71

19,674

100

3.64

717

100

3.21

632

Puerto Rico

158

36,476

231

10,126

52

2.99

286

87

3.12

317

Rhode Island

6

435

73

20,245

100

3.72

752

100

3.18

644

South Carolina

85

16,461

194

17,507

100

3.86

676

100

3.30

578

South Dakota

203

18,042

89

17,891

100

3.72

665

100

3.23

578

Tennessee

296

35,923

121

17,432

93

3.62

632

94

3.25

567

Texas

290

99,241

342

19,305

82

3.54

690

82

3.22

628

Utah

207

35,681

172

20,336

100

3.56

725

100

3.22

655

Vermont

490

46,703

95

19,210

94

3.80

729

94

3.24

623

Virgin Islands

Virginia

515

66,246

129

19,004

98

3.55

676

99

3.20

609

Washington

260

63,906

246

22,500

100

3.60

810

100

3.21

723

West Virginia

76

8,094

107

17,608

100

3.58

630

100

3.26

575

Wisconsin

4,907

364,863

74

20,249

100

3.76

761

100

3.24

656

Wyoming

3

586

195

20,453

100

3.58

732

100

3.25

665

United States1

26,805

3,360,577

125

19,815

97

3.67

731

89

3.23

639

1Includes Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

Table 4. Averages of management NCDHIP cow herds by state, 1997.

State1

Herds

Cow-years

Cow-years per herd

Milk (lb)

Cow-years with fat data (%)

Fat (%)

Fat (lb)

Cow-years with protein data (%)

Protein (%)

Protein (lb)

Alabama

3

281

94

14,510

100

3.63

526

31

3.18

472

Alaska

2

131

66

22,150

100

3.51

777

100

3.45

764

Arizona

4

4,831

1,208

18,234

44

3.57

731

44

3.13

640

Arkansas

19

1,623

85

13,160

96

3.47

458

96

3.28

433

California

104

77,988

750

19,079

99

3.62

689

49

3.25

613

Colorado

18

6,452

358

21,921

100

3.49

766

82

3.21

701

Connecticut

5

366

73

19,600

100

3.81

747

100

3.17

621

Delaware

Florida

41

25,226

615

16,783

7

3.61

734

7

3.06

622

Georgia

48

10,888

227

16,565

5

3.17

446

5

3.23

454

Hawaii

6

2,573

429

17,189

100

3.43

590

0

Idaho

29

7,547

260

21,047

100

3.52

741

100

3.25

683

Illinois

121

6,712

55

17,737

95

3.84

678

95

3.19

564

Indiana

97

7,302

75

18,804

85

3.64

676

84

3.21

596

Iowa

308

18,307

59

17,659

98

3.85

678

96

3.23

570

Kansas

48

3,269

68

17,588

99

3.57

629

100

3.22

566

Kentucky

44

2,999

68

17,494

65

3.47

594

60

3.17

537

Louisiana

14

1,893

135

13,721

0

0

Maine

11

1,712

156

20,284

22

4.07

642

22

3.34

527

Maryland

25

1,891

76

18,823

100

3.73

703

96

3.25

607

Massachusetts

8

1,019

127

21,204

47

3.82

654

47

3.24

554

Michigan

245

18,398

75

19,279

75

4.16

786

75

3.21

609

Minnesota

1,145

78,510

69

17,667

99

3.92

693

97

3.21

565

Mississippi

13

1,644

126

15,906

58

3.61

671

53

3.28

612

Missouri

95

7,622

80

16,148

90

3.61

579

90

3.22

517

Montana

5

734

147

17,290

100

3.39

586

100

3.26

564

Nebraska

34

2,946

87

17,586

98

3.63

640

100

3.24

570

Nevada

1

187

187

14,853

100

3.59

533

0

New Hampshire

8

414

52

16,287

89

4.01

691

89

3.33

574

New Jersey

3

177

59

15,996

100

4.24

678

100

3.22

515

New Mexico

1

1,022

1,022

24,140

0

0

New York

420

35,387

84

18,358

76

3.81

695

74

3.16

574

North Carolina

30

6,014

200

18,878

44

3.50

672

30

3.21

619

North Dakota

21

1,682

80

16,411

100

3.57

586

100

3.24

532

Ohio

346

25,234

73

18,429

99

3.77

694

99

3.24

596

Oklahoma

19

4,306

227

17,461

44

3.44

555

44

3.23

521

Oregon

22

5,174

235

16,579

100

3.70

614

100

3.31

548

Pennsylvania

835

43,131

52

19,150

93

3.62

688

93

3.16

602

Puerto Rico

1

440

440

8,624

0

100

2.84

245

Rhode Island

South Carolina

9

2,252

250

17,611

27

3.78

623

27

3.24

535

South Dakota

148

11,601

78

16,916

86

3.82

648

86

3.21

543

Tennessee

21

3,035

145

16,901

72

3.57

588

47

3.16

530

Texas

64

24,642

385

18,169

33

3.64

690

17

3.22

550

Utah

52

10,116

195

18,471

100

3.49

644

97

3.22

596

Vermont

65

6,236

96

17,961

70

3.88

684

70

3.23

570

Virgin Islands

3

559

186

8,981

0

0

Virginia

51

6,386

125

17,682

57

3.50

635

54

3.19

569

Washington

39

11,034

283

21,321

100

3.56

760

75

3.24

680

West Virginia

4

320

80

13,938

100

3.72

519

100

3.41

475

Wisconsin

5,359

312,575

58

18,503

100

3.94

728

100

3.22

596

Wyoming

2

499

250

17,757

100

3.55

630

100

3.20

568

United States1

10,016

805,289

80

18,366

88

3.82

705

81

3.22

591

1Includes Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

Table 5. Percentile thresholds for herds with 25 cows and enrolled in a test plan included in genetic evaluations by breed and yield trait, 1997.

Percentile

Ayrshire

Brown Swiss

Guernsey

Holstein

Jersey

Milking Shorthorn

Red and White

Milk (lb)

90

17,915

20,035

16,496

23,499

16,655

17,783

21,201

80

17,107

18,667

15,619

22,063

15,612

16,318

19,807

70

16,384

17,581

14,887

21,123

14,896

15,381

19,363

60

15,791

16,689

14,152

20,308

14,334

15,072

19,310

50

15,170

15,788

13,471

19,514

13,769

13,913

18,793

40

14,495

15,144

12,833

18,696

13,138

13,396

18,258

30

13,540

14,207

12,367

17,824

12,451

12,976

17,,318

20

12,905

13,336

11,753

16,772

11,723

12,206

15783

10

11,773

12,016

10,867

15,228

10,567

11,288

15,376

0

9,917

8,002

6,833

4,019

5,860

9,677

14,589

Fat (lb)

90

718

844

753

867

788

642

776

80

663

767

711

814

738

611

759

70

637

726

671

777

702

585

720

60

610

677

650

746

671

550

707

50

591

640

615

717

645

494

686

40

562

611

588

688

610

479

641

30

543

586

552

655

578

471

626

20

504

539

527

616

538

429

592

10

465

492

494

560

488

401

570

0

416

314

300

127

260

306

543

Protein (lb)

90

602

718

583

754

624

568

676

80

572

670

559

708

586

548

636

70

551

630

532

678

561

523

624

60

527

595

504

652

538

501

602

50

509

564

480

627

516

450

590

40

483

542

454

600

493

441

581

30

456

516

441

572

465

430

554

20

437

480

421

539

437

399

510

10

397

423

385

489

393

361

490

0

329

275

225

132

226

307

468

Number of herds

128

240

198

22,914

1,039

33

31

Table 6. Averages of official NCDHIP goat herds by state, 1997.

State1

Herds

Doe-years

Doe-years per herd

Milk

(lb)

Doe-years with fat data (%)

Fat (%)

Fat (lb)

Doe-years with protein data (%)

Protein (%)

Protein (lb)

Alabama

1

9

9

2,982

100

3.72

111

100

2.88

86

Alaska

Arizona

6

51

9

1,575

100

3.48

55

100

3.15

50

Arkansas

6

118

20

1,661

97

3.51

58

97

3.04

51

California

47

1,415

30

1,982

100

3.64

72

95

3.14

63

Colorado

8

182

23

1,591

100

4.06

65

100

3.50

56

Connecticut

5

61

12

1,956

100

3.85

75

100

3.16

62

Delaware

Florida

2

25

12

1,677

100

3.73

63

100

3.12

52

Georgia

2

31

15

1,698

100

3.54

60

100

2.95

50

Hawaii

Idaho

8

127

16

1,905

100

3.63

69

92

3.10

60

Illinois

8

149

19

1,989

87

3.93

78

87

3.26

65

Indiana

6

292

49

1,460

100

3.79

55

100

3.16

46

Iowa

10

554

55

1,978

79

3.86

76

79

3.21

65

Kansas

12

137

11

1,903

77

3.74

71

77

3.28

62

Kentucky

3

32

11

1,563

100

4.30

67

100

3.64

57

Louisiana

Maine

11

152

14

1,712

100

3.61

62

100

3.02

52

Maryland

23

287

12

1,758

100

3.73

66

96

3.12

55

Massachusetts

6

46

8

1,205

100

3.90

47

100

3.22

39

Michigan

20

195

10

1,837

100

3.86

71

100

3.09

57

Minnesota

17

703

41

1,799

100

3.56

64

100

3.27

59

Mississippi

1

21

21

916

100

4.48

41

100

3.17

29

Missouri

11

122

11

2,190

100

3.98

87

100

3.56

78

Montana

2

23

12

1,266

100

3.82

48

70

3.59

39

Nebraska

2

64

32

2,060

100

4.62

95

100

3.33

69

Nevada

1

39

39

1,920

100

4.38

84

100

3.59

69

New Hampshire

10

367

37

1,439

100

3.80

55

100

3.12

45

New Jersey

10

85

8

1,413

100

4.08

58

100

3.22

45

New Mexico

1

10

10

1,720

100

3.90

67

100

3.55

61

New York

26

1,084

42

1,938

100

3.54

69

100

3.12

60

North Carolina

5

43

9

2,168

100

3.27

71

100

3.05

66

North Dakota

Ohio

35

1,100

31

1,607

100

3.83

62

99

3.16

51

Oklahoma

8

108

13

2,134

100

5.07

108

100

3.45

74

Oregon

52

839

16

1,677

100

3.78

63

95

3.23

54

Pennsylvania

12

283

24

2,023

100

4.07

82

99

3.43

69

Puerto Rico

Rhode Island

1

7

7

1,071

100

3.83

41

100

3.17

34

South Carolina

1

10

10

1,698

100

2.77

47

100

2.83

48

South Dakota

Tennessee

4

34

8

1,720

100

4.22

73

100

3.55

61

Texas

16

181

11

1,568

100

3.84

60

100

3.18

50

Utah

5

125

25

1,819

100

3.47

63

92

2.87

52

Vermont

2

141

70

1,842

100

3.99

73

100

3.19

59

Virgin Islands

Virginia

8

224

28

1,447

100

3.53

51

100

3.01

44

Washington

7

88

13

1,641

100

4.09

67

100

3.31

54

West Virginia

6

53

9

2,104

100

3.44

72

100

2.92

61

Wisconsin

53

1,302

25

1,780

100

3.74

67

100

3.18

57

Wyoming

7

38

5

1,963

100

4.35

85

67

3.86

72

United States1

487

10,952

22

1,790

98

3.75

67

97

3.19

57

1Includes Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.