![]() AIPL RESEARCH REPORT K2-06 (3-08) |
State and National
Standardized Lactation Averages by Breed for Cows Calving in 2006
H.D. Norman, L.L.M. Thornton, and G.R. Wiggans
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Lactation yields are often standardized to provide a reasonably equitable comparison of dairy cows having different lactation characteristics (i.e., age at calving, days milked, milking frequency, etc.). This report gives the average of standardized yield for calvings in 2006 for each State and the nation by breed. The data available originated in herds enrolled in the Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) program. The test-day data used by the Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory to determine the lactation records were provided by the dairy records processing centers (DRPC). DHI participation and DRPC activity also have been summarized using the same data source.
Only data used in calculation of national genetic evaluations are included in these State and national averages. Thus, records beyond fifth lactation or by cows that lacked either a first lactation record or lacked valid sire identification were excluded. For other editing requirements, see complete evaluation documentation.
Breed yields are different between this report and the herd-average report because this report summarizes standardized lactation yield (e.g., adjusts yield to 305 days and twice a day milking), whereas the herd-average report is determined from actual herd yields. Input data to the herd-average reports are not restricted to those usable for national genetic evaluations. Herd-average report is impacted also by the length of lactation and dry period. Relative yields among breeds differ between the two reports because of large breed differences in percentage of usable records and differences in age-parity factors. Also, the herd-average reports tend to be more current (about 6 mo) than the standardized yield reports published at the same time.
Lactation records were calculated using the best prediction method starting in 1997 and were standardized for age-parity, calving month, previous days open, and times milked per day. Records shorter than 305 days were extended to 305 days as part of the best prediction process. Prior to 1997 the records were calculated using the test interval method. This change was responsible for a portion of the increases in yields observed between 1996 and 1997 because the current method gives a more favorable prediction for the lower producing cows. Numbers of records and averages for yields and component percentages are in Tables 1 through 7 by State for Ayrshires, Brown Swiss, Guernseys, Holsteins, Jerseys, Milking Shorthorns, and Red and Whites, respectively. Protein testing for records contributing to genetic evaluations is 97 to 100% except in California (89% for Guernseys and Holsteins, and 85% for Red and Whites) and Nevada (75% for Holsteins). Component percentages were computed from averages of standardized yields for milk and components.
Numbers of records and national averages for milk and component yields and component percentages are in Tables 8A-8F by breed for selected years. All breeds except one had increased calvings in 2006. Ayrshire calvings were up 5.7%; Brown Swiss calvings increased by 8.8%. Holstein, Jersey, Milking Shorthorn, and Red and White calvings were up 4.3%, 7.3%, 13.6%, and 1.1%, respectively. Guernsey calvings declined by 5.8%.
Milk yield was virtually unchanged (-0.4 to +0.4%) for all breeds but Guernsey which increased by 1.4%. A failure to increase is unusual, but might have been expected with the large increase in cow numbers, reflecting less culling. Fat percentage showed little change for 5 breeds, but increased by 0.05 and 0.06% for Milking Shorthorn and Red & Whites. Fat yield increasedby 9 and 12 lbs. for Guernsey and Red & Whites; there was little change for Ayrshire and Brown Swiss. Protein percentage remained the same for Brown Swiss and Guernsey, and increased by 0.01 for the other five breeds. Breed average protein yield increased from 4 to 8 lbs. for most breeds but decreased by 1 and 3 lbs for Ayrshire and Milking Shorthorn, respectively. Brown Swiss remained the same.
While milk and beef prices, feed availability and operating expenses, Government programs, and characteristics of herds entering and leaving eligible testing programs can affect production averages, genetic change continues to have a positive effect on yield. The leveling off of average yields most likely reflects changes in management strategies and more genetic emphasis on other traits such as health and longevity. For instance, average somatic cell count during 2007 dropped considerably from 2006 (Herd somatic cell count report) and days open is no longer increasing. Interpretation of trends in lactation averages should be made in view of other changes affecting profitability, and will be impacted by changes in number of records across years as well.
Table 1. Ayrshire State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2006 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | ||||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | Reporting |
Alabama | 5 | 14,779 | 3.81 | 563 | 3.12 | 460 | 100 |
Arizona | 1 | 21,069 | 3.81 | 802 | 3.27 | 689 | 100 |
Arkansas | 43 | 18,501 | 3.81 | 705 | 3.17 | 586 | 100 |
California | 24 | 22,722 | 3.89 | 884 | 3.18 | 722 | 100 |
Colorado | 7 | 19,427 | 3.74 | 726 | 3.12 | 607 | 100 |
Connecticut | 119 | 19,026 | 4.00 | 762 | 3.18 | 605 | 100 |
Delaware | 1 | 20,092 | 4.33 | 870 | 3.30 | 663 | 100 |
Florida | 4 | 20,828 | 3.27 | 681 | 2.96 | 617 | 100 |
Idaho | 3 | 18,327 | 3.90 | 715 | 3.09 | 566 | 100 |
Illinois | 276 | 19,007 | 3.71 | 705 | 3.12 | 593 | 100 |
Indiana | 65 | 16,415 | 3.77 | 619 | 3.12 | 513 | 100 |
Iowa | 561 | 20,262 | 3.82 | 774 | 3.14 | 637 | 100 |
Kansas | 67 | 17,008 | 3.60 | 613 | 3.19 | 542 | 100 |
Kentucky | 38 | 14,694 | 3.56 | 523 | 3.17 | 467 | 100 |
Louisiana | 10 | 16,942 | 3.53 | 597 | 3.02 | 512 | 100 |
Maine | 128 | 16,721 | 3.77 | 630 | 3.05 | 510 | 100 |
Maryland | 308 | 20,098 | 3.99 | 802 | 3.14 | 630 | 100 |
Massachusetts | 21 | 17,850 | 3.85 | 688 | 3.18 | 567 | 100 |
Michigan | 56 | 19,877 | 3.89 | 773 | 3.08 | 612 | 100 |
Minnesota | 186 | 17,977 | 3.81 | 684 | 3.10 | 557 | 100 |
Missouri | 98 | 15,834 | 3.90 | 617 | 3.14 | 497 | 100 |
Nebraska | 70 | 16,809 | 3.90 | 655 | 3.21 | 539 | 100 |
New Hampshire | 147 | 18,404 | 3.86 | 710 | 3.12 | 574 | 100 |
New Jersey | 18 | 16,584 | 3.96 | 657 | 3.12 | 517 | 100 |
New Mexico | 181 | 15,407 | 3.82 | 588 | 3.18 | 490 | 100 |
New York | 1,123 | 17,886 | 3.83 | 686 | 3.10 | 554 | 100 |
North Carolina | 52 | 14,764 | 4.10 | 606 | 3.09 | 457 | 100 |
North Dakota | 1 | 15,908 | 3.88 | 617 | 2.93 | 466 | 100 |
Ohio | 462 | 18,535 | 3.84 | 712 | 3.14 | 583 | 100 |
Oklahoma | 103 | 20,685 | 3.45 | 713 | 3.12 | 646 | 100 |
Oregon | 39 | 18,378 | 3.60 | 662 | 3.07 | 565 | 100 |
Pennsylvania | 916 | 18,370 | 3.83 | 703 | 3.12 | 574 | 100 |
Rhode Island | 34 | 15,937 | 3.90 | 621 | 3.17 | 506 | 100 |
South Carolina | 8 | 19,856 | 3.70 | 735 | 3.10 | 615 | 100 |
Tennessee | 21 | 17,809 | 4.13 | 736 | 3.17 | 565 | 100 |
Texas | 88 | 17,795 | 3.71 | 661 | 3.21 | 570 | 100 |
Utah | 16 | 14,085 | 3.98 | 561 | 3.33 | 470 | 100 |
Vermont | 397 | 17,126 | 3.89 | 666 | 3.12 | 534 | 100 |
Virginia | 28 | 18,446 | 3.84 | 708 | 3.20 | 590 | 100 |
Washington | 17 | 17,617 | 3.86 | 681 | 3.26 | 575 | 100 |
West Virginia | 24 | 16,784 | 3.78 | 634 | 3.14 | 527 | 100 |
Wisconsin | 566 | 18,069 | 3.81 | 688 | 3.11 | 561 | 100 |
US | 6,332 | 18,232 | 3.83 | 698 | 3.13 | 570 | 100 |
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Table 2. Brown Swiss State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2006 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | ||||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | Reporting |
Alabama | 7 | 23,622 | 3.31 | 782 | 3.14 | 743 | 100 |
Arizona | 131 | 22,255 | 3.96 | 882 | 3.14 | 699 | 100 |
Arkansas | 112 | 17,682 | 3.92 | 692 | 3.30 | 584 | 100 |
California | 441 | 22,445 | 3.90 | 875 | 3.34 | 749 | 98 |
Colorado | 141 | 22,299 | 4.15 | 926 | 3.44 | 767 | 100 |
Connecticut | 57 | 18,878 | 3.98 | 752 | 3.27 | 617 | 100 |
Delaware | 2 | 20,290 | 3.63 | 736 | 3.38 | 686 | 100 |
Florida | 24 | 19,569 | 3.89 | 760 | 3.22 | 630 | 100 |
Georgia | 91 | 19,786 | 3.87 | 766 | 3.30 | 654 | 100 |
Idaho | 245 | 21,947 | 3.97 | 872 | 3.41 | 749 | 100 |
Illinois | 641 | 20,714 | 3.99 | 827 | 3.30 | 684 | 100 |
Indiana | 503 | 23,134 | 4.00 | 926 | 3.30 | 764 | 100 |
Iowa | 1,509 | 21,915 | 4.05 | 887 | 3.33 | 730 | 100 |
Kansas | 203 | 22,111 | 3.83 | 848 | 3.35 | 741 | 100 |
Kentucky | 128 | 18,884 | 3.72 | 703 | 3.31 | 625 | 100 |
Louisiana | 94 | 16,081 | 3.46 | 556 | 3.16 | 508 | 100 |
Maine | 35 | 16,358 | 3.73 | 610 | 3.22 | 527 | 100 |
Maryland | 305 | 21,685 | 3.99 | 865 | 3.30 | 716 | 100 |
Massachusetts | 149 | 21,237 | 4.12 | 875 | 3.36 | 713 | 100 |
Michigan | 386 | 23,034 | 3.93 | 905 | 3.28 | 756 | 100 |
Minnesota | 1,444 | 22,402 | 4.05 | 907 | 3.27 | 733 | 100 |
Mississippi | 10 | 17,599 | 3.81 | 670 | 3.23 | 568 | 100 |
Missouri | 442 | 20,065 | 4.06 | 815 | 3.35 | 672 | 100 |
Montana | 3 | 19,720 | 4.30 | 848 | 3.43 | 676 | 100 |
Nebraska | 185 | 20,664 | 4.08 | 843 | 3.30 | 682 | 100 |
Nevada | 1 | 30,938 | 3.96 | 1225 | 0 | ||
New Hampshire | 108 | 18,712 | 4.04 | 757 | 3.29 | 616 | 100 |
New Jersey | 6 | 27,193 | 4.14 | 1125 | 3.24 | 880 | 100 |
New Mexico | 14 | 21,983 | 3.70 | 813 | 3.26 | 716 | 100 |
New York | 1,137 | 20,691 | 4.01 | 829 | 3.28 | 679 | 100 |
North Carolina | 57 | 21,638 | 3.85 | 834 | 3.24 | 702 | 100 |
North Dakota | 84 | 17,836 | 4.01 | 716 | 3.45 | 615 | 100 |
Ohio | 1,520 | 21,294 | 3.97 | 846 | 3.30 | 703 | 100 |
Oklahoma | 48 | 17,118 | 3.76 | 644 | 3.34 | 572 | 100 |
Oregon | 287 | 22,114 | 3.94 | 870 | 3.34 | 739 | 100 |
Pennsylvania | 1,350 | 21,100 | 4.01 | 847 | 3.28 | 693 | 100 |
Puerto Rico | 23 | 15,567 | 3.05 | 475 | 3.08 | 479 | 100 |
Rhode Island | 1 | 17,920 | 4.15 | 744 | 3.47 | 622 | 100 |
South Carolina | 14 | 20,536 | 3.79 | 778 | 3.20 | 657 | 100 |
South Dakota | 175 | 19,068 | 4.42 | 843 | 3.39 | 646 | 100 |
Tennessee | 272 | 17,024 | 4.18 | 711 | 3.37 | 574 | 100 |
Texas | 472 | 19,770 | 3.96 | 783 | 3.33 | 659 | 100 |
Utah | 74 | 19,504 | 4.02 | 784 | 3.36 | 655 | 100 |
Vermont | 389 | 19,154 | 4.17 | 799 | 3.36 | 643 | 100 |
Virginia | 178 | 22,543 | 3.85 | 867 | 3.22 | 727 | 100 |
Washington | 262 | 21,207 | 3.91 | 830 | 3.42 | 725 | 100 |
West Virginia | 7 | 23,663 | 3.69 | 874 | 3.32 | 786 | 100 |
Wisconsin | 3,672 | 22,400 | 4.00 | 895 | 3.27 | 733 | 100 |
US | 17,439 | 21,413 | 4.00 | 857 | 3.30 | 707 | >99 |
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Table 3. Guernsey State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2006 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | ||||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | Reporting |
Arizona | 11 | 19,681 | 3.89 | 765 | 2.98 | 586 | 100 |
Arkansas | 4 | 14,514 | 4.52 | 656 | 3.36 | 488 | 100 |
California | 404 | 18,635 | 4.24 | 790 | 3.34 | 630 | 89 |
Colorado | 1 | 12,503 | 4.13 | 516 | 2.77 | 346 | 100 |
Connecticut | 52 | 17,284 | 4.35 | 753 | 3.27 | 565 | 100 |
Delaware | 3 | 18,980 | 4.37 | 830 | 3.14 | 596 | 100 |
Florida | 2 | 17,902 | 4.29 | 769 | 3.41 | 611 | 100 |
Georgia | 5 | 17,678 | 3.11 | 549 | 3.14 | 555 | 100 |
Idaho | 22 | 16,320 | 4.24 | 692 | 3.23 | 528 | 100 |
Illinois | 122 | 17,166 | 4.38 | 752 | 3.17 | 544 | 100 |
Indiana | 266 | 17,034 | 4.31 | 734 | 3.27 | 558 | 100 |
Iowa | 592 | 18,604 | 4.43 | 825 | 3.28 | 611 | 100 |
Kansas | 55 | 17,847 | 4.51 | 805 | 3.34 | 596 | 100 |
Kentucky | 25 | 16,896 | 3.92 | 663 | 3.12 | 527 | 100 |
Louisiana | 3 | 16,927 | 4.24 | 717 | 3.28 | 555 | 100 |
Maine | 31 | 14,306 | 4.69 | 670 | 3.31 | 473 | 100 |
Maryland | 318 | 16,335 | 4.57 | 747 | 3.36 | 549 | 100 |
Massachusetts | 21 | 15,352 | 4.41 | 677 | 3.27 | 502 | 100 |
Michigan | 18 | 13,644 | 4.24 | 579 | 3.22 | 439 | 100 |
Minnesota | 362 | 16,529 | 4.33 | 715 | 3.23 | 535 | 100 |
Mississippi | 1 | 15,616 | 3.69 | 576 | 3.18 | 497 | 100 |
Missouri | 334 | 15,756 | 4.44 | 699 | 3.32 | 524 | 100 |
Nebraska | 81 | 20,267 | 4.53 | 918 | 3.25 | 660 | 100 |
New Hampshire | 13 | 16,298 | 4.61 | 751 | 3.40 | 554 | 100 |
New Jersey | 6 | 16,873 | 4.85 | 818 | 3.41 | 576 | 100 |
New York | 556 | 16,875 | 4.52 | 762 | 3.24 | 547 | 100 |
North Carolina | 44 | 16,668 | 4.30 | 717 | 3.26 | 543 | 100 |
Ohio | 269 | 17,418 | 4.44 | 773 | 3.30 | 575 | 100 |
Oklahoma | 37 | 16,731 | 4.06 | 679 | 3.27 | 548 | 100 |
Oregon | 308 | 18,690 | 4.35 | 814 | 3.25 | 607 | 100 |
Pennsylvania | 695 | 16,824 | 4.36 | 733 | 3.24 | 545 | 100 |
South Carolina | 54 | 15,172 | 4.48 | 679 | 3.34 | 506 | 100 |
South Dakota | 52 | 12,484 | 4.51 | 563 | 3.26 | 408 | 100 |
Tennessee | 79 | 17,121 | 4.19 | 718 | 3.23 | 553 | 100 |
Texas | 122 | 16,513 | 4.12 | 681 | 3.19 | 527 | 100 |
Vermont | 138 | 15,368 | 4.45 | 684 | 3.28 | 503 | 100 |
Virginia | 105 | 15,816 | 4.51 | 713 | 3.28 | 519 | 100 |
Washington | 96 | 18,193 | 4.42 | 805 | 3.32 | 603 | 100 |
West Virginia | 11 | 15,600 | 4.71 | 735 | 3.52 | 548 | 100 |
Wisconsin | 1,534 | 18,260 | 4.46 | 815 | 3.25 | 594 | 100 |
US | 6,852 | 17,394 | 4.41 | 767 | 3.27 | 569 | 99 |
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Table 4. Holstein State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2006 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | ||||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | Reporting |
Alabama | 903 | 22,026 | 3.38 | 743 | 3.01 | 664 | 100 |
Arizona | 19,718 | 24,850 | 3.55 | 883 | 3.00 | 745 | 100 |
Arkansas | 1,592 | 21,590 | 3.56 | 769 | 3.03 | 655 | 100 |
California | 383,287 | 26,340 | 3.60 | 949 | 3.07 | 809 | 89 |
Colorado | 12,027 | 26,379 | 3.62 | 956 | 3.09 | 815 | >99 |
Connecticut | 6,367 | 24,565 | 3.64 | 894 | 3.04 | 748 | 100 |
Delaware | 2,289 | 24,965 | 3.77 | 941 | 3.03 | 757 | 100 |
Florida | 6,608 | 25,250 | 3.62 | 915 | 3.02 | 762 | 100 |
Georgia | 8,335 | 23,710 | 3.58 | 849 | 2.99 | 708 | 100 |
Idaho | 52,713 | 26,558 | 3.62 | 963 | 3.06 | 813 | >99 |
Illinois | 24,625 | 25,132 | 3.68 | 924 | 3.01 | 757 | 100 |
Indiana | 17,102 | 24,866 | 3.72 | 925 | 3.00 | 745 | >99 |
Iowa | 46,987 | 25,754 | 3.66 | 942 | 3.04 | 782 | >99 |
Kansas | 11,439 | 24,674 | 3.73 | 920 | 3.05 | 753 | >99 |
Kentucky | 7,443 | 23,679 | 3.63 | 859 | 3.02 | 716 | 100 |
Louisiana | 2,281 | 20,612 | 3.48 | 717 | 3.01 | 620 | 100 |
Maine | 6,070 | 24,005 | 3.67 | 882 | 3.02 | 725 | 100 |
Maryland | 19,260 | 24,082 | 3.76 | 906 | 3.02 | 728 | >99 |
Massachusetts | 4,758 | 25,174 | 3.79 | 953 | 3.04 | 766 | 100 |
Michigan | 63,366 | 27,371 | 3.69 | 1010 | 2.95 | 809 | >99 |
Minnesota | 123,832 | 25,266 | 3.71 | 937 | 3.00 | 759 | >99 |
Mississippi | 2,275 | 23,330 | 3.60 | 840 | 2.97 | 692 | >99 |
Missouri | 10,149 | 22,451 | 3.65 | 820 | 3.05 | 685 | 100 |
Montana | 2,516 | 25,698 | 3.59 | 922 | 2.98 | 765 | 100 |
Nebraska | 10,231 | 24,988 | 3.66 | 915 | 3.02 | 755 | 100 |
Nevada | 4,672 | 27,425 | 3.54 | 972 | 3.07 | 855 | 74 |
New Hampshire | 5,719 | 25,866 | 3.72 | 962 | 3.04 | 787 | 100 |
New Jersey | 3,370 | 24,193 | 3.77 | 912 | 2.99 | 724 | 100 |
New Mexico | 15,333 | 24,956 | 3.58 | 894 | 3.05 | 762 | >99 |
New York | 179,318 | 24,932 | 3.71 | 925 | 3.01 | 751 | >99 |
North Carolina | 11,381 | 24,803 | 3.67 | 910 | 3.00 | 745 | 100 |
North Dakota | 2,585 | 25,534 | 3.62 | 926 | 3.02 | 770 | 100 |
Ohio | 46,529 | 25,164 | 3.68 | 926 | 3.02 | 759 | >99 |
Oklahoma | 3,509 | 22,872 | 3.36 | 768 | 3.02 | 690 | >99 |
Oregon | 17,625 | 25,462 | 3.73 | 950 | 3.06 | 780 | >99 |
Pennsylvania | 172,559 | 25,186 | 3.66 | 921 | 3.01 | 757 | >99 |
Puerto Rico | 1,559 | 15,051 | 3.21 | 484 | 3.01 | 453 | >99 |
Rhode Island | 94 | 24,883 | 3.64 | 907 | 3.03 | 754 | 100 |
South Carolina | 4,165 | 24,483 | 3.56 | 871 | 2.98 | 729 | 100 |
South Dakota | 7,186 | 24,300 | 3.76 | 913 | 3.02 | 734 | 100 |
Tennessee | 7,528 | 23,408 | 3.70 | 866 | 2.98 | 698 | 100 |
Texas | 21,966 | 23,582 | 3.73 | 880 | 3.09 | 728 | >99 |
Utah | 12,799 | 25,432 | 3.60 | 917 | 3.04 | 773 | 100 |
Vermont | 24,986 | 24,849 | 3.74 | 929 | 3.06 | 760 | 100 |
Virginia | 31,622 | 24,615 | 3.60 | 886 | 2.98 | 733 | 100 |
Washington | 32,489 | 26,091 | 3.68 | 960 | 3.05 | 797 | 100 |
West Virginia | 2,378 | 23,542 | 3.64 | 857 | 3.01 | 708 | 100 |
Wisconsin | 264,597 | 26,619 | 3.70 | 986 | 3.00 | 799 | >99 |
Wyoming | 399 | 27,070 | 3.80 | 1028 | 2.92 | 790 | 100 |
US | 1,720,541 | 25,674 | 3.66 | 941 | 3.02 | 776 | 97 |
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Table 5. Jersey State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2006 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | ||||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | Reporting |
Alabama | 1,584 | 16,196 | 4.55 | 737 | 3.61 | 584 | 100 |
Arizona | 6,248 | 17,706 | 4.59 | 812 | 3.44 | 608 | 100 |
Arkansas | 131 | 16,085 | 4.67 | 751 | 3.57 | 574 | 100 |
California | 46,898 | 19,251 | 4.60 | 885 | 3.61 | 696 | 99 |
Colorado | 319 | 19,157 | 4.55 | 872 | 3.46 | 663 | 100 |
Connecticut | 515 | 16,911 | 4.65 | 787 | 3.54 | 598 | 100 |
Delaware | 94 | 21,286 | 4.66 | 991 | 3.35 | 714 | 100 |
Florida | 75 | 18,998 | 4.08 | 775 | 3.30 | 626 | 100 |
Georgia | 376 | 16,284 | 4.34 | 707 | 3.47 | 565 | 100 |
Idaho | 3,996 | 18,206 | 4.77 | 868 | 3.70 | 674 | 100 |
Illinois | 1,362 | 17,076 | 4.59 | 784 | 3.56 | 608 | 100 |
Indiana | 1,178 | 17,156 | 4.56 | 783 | 3.55 | 608 | 100 |
Iowa | 3,384 | 17,991 | 4.70 | 846 | 3.58 | 645 | 100 |
Kansas | 1,137 | 18,024 | 4.51 | 813 | 3.55 | 640 | 100 |
Kentucky | 1,087 | 15,584 | 4.42 | 689 | 3.55 | 554 | 100 |
Louisiana | 231 | 15,369 | 4.17 | 641 | 3.46 | 532 | 100 |
Maine | 661 | 16,965 | 4.67 | 792 | 3.52 | 597 | 100 |
Maryland | 976 | 17,272 | 4.74 | 818 | 3.60 | 622 | 100 |
Massachusetts | 691 | 17,073 | 4.79 | 818 | 3.58 | 611 | 100 |
Michigan | 1,127 | 16,983 | 4.67 | 794 | 3.57 | 607 | 100 |
Minnesota | 2,268 | 17,129 | 4.66 | 798 | 3.53 | 605 | 100 |
Mississippi | 498 | 17,363 | 4.38 | 761 | 3.51 | 610 | 100 |
Missouri | 1,632 | 15,945 | 4.51 | 719 | 3.59 | 572 | 100 |
Montana | 8 | 16,499 | 4.42 | 729 | 3.69 | 610 | 100 |
Nebraska | 390 | 19,673 | 4.55 | 895 | 3.54 | 696 | 100 |
Nevada | 339 | 18,107 | 4.33 | 785 | 3.56 | 644 | 100 |
New Hampshire | 514 | 17,307 | 4.64 | 804 | 3.60 | 623 | 100 |
New Jersey | 100 | 16,400 | 4.75 | 779 | 3.55 | 583 | 100 |
New Mexico | 1,302 | 17,313 | 4.48 | 775 | 3.50 | 607 | 100 |
New York | 5,769 | 17,699 | 4.61 | 816 | 3.51 | 620 | 100 |
North Carolina | 2,061 | 19,143 | 4.44 | 849 | 3.50 | 671 | 100 |
North Dakota | 81 | 16,658 | 4.58 | 763 | 3.65 | 609 | 100 |
Ohio | 7,090 | 17,850 | 4.71 | 841 | 3.59 | 641 | >99 |
Oklahoma | 834 | 16,030 | 4.35 | 697 | 3.56 | 570 | 100 |
Oregon | 8,222 | 18,478 | 4.64 | 857 | 3.61 | 667 | >99 |
Pennsylvania | 7,246 | 16,995 | 4.68 | 795 | 3.55 | 604 | 100 |
Puerto Rico | 35 | 14,167 | 3.28 | 465 | 3.18 | 451 | 100 |
Rhode Island | 10 | 17,339 | 4.46 | 773 | 3.48 | 604 | 100 |
South Carolina | 2,243 | 18,339 | 4.62 | 847 | 3.50 | 641 | 100 |
South Dakota | 476 | 18,252 | 4.83 | 882 | 3.55 | 648 | 100 |
Tennessee | 2,065 | 16,934 | 4.60 | 780 | 3.50 | 592 | 100 |
Texas | 5,294 | 16,055 | 4.51 | 724 | 3.59 | 577 | 100 |
Utah | 1,516 | 17,867 | 4.51 | 806 | 3.62 | 646 | 100 |
Vermont | 2,508 | 15,967 | 4.70 | 750 | 3.58 | 571 | 100 |
Virginia | 1,033 | 18,149 | 4.53 | 822 | 3.54 | 643 | 100 |
Washington | 2,352 | 17,492 | 4.58 | 801 | 3.62 | 633 | 100 |
West Virginia | 320 | 19,374 | 4.60 | 890 | 3.60 | 698 | 100 |
Wisconsin | 9,302 | 18,650 | 4.68 | 874 | 3.54 | 660 | 100 |
US | 137,578 | 18,159 | 4.61 | 838 | 3.58 | 650 | >99 |
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Table 6. Milking Shorthorn State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2006 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | ||||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | Reporting |
Alabama | 1 | 15,586 | 3.97 | 618 | 3.21 | 500 | 100 |
Arizona | 307 | 13,353 | 3.49 | 467 | 3.04 | 406 | 100 |
Arkansas | 81 | 19,618 | 3.71 | 729 | 3.17 | 621 | 100 |
California | 247 | 18,728 | 3.39 | 635 | 3.10 | 551 | 85 |
Colorado | 8 | 22,446 | 4.02 | 902 | 3.38 | 758 | 100 |
Connecticut | 4 | 13,147 | 3.65 | 481 | 3.10 | 407 | 100 |
Idaho | 83 | 20,145 | 3.55 | 716 | 3.11 | 627 | 100 |
Illinois | 21 | 18,568 | 3.88 | 720 | 3.10 | 576 | 100 |
Indiana | 71 | 16,819 | 3.69 | 620 | 3.03 | 509 | 100 |
Iowa | 107 | 18,897 | 3.72 | 703 | 3.08 | 582 | 100 |
Kansas | 42 | 19,363 | 3.54 | 685 | 3.13 | 607 | 100 |
Kentucky | 2 | 22,027 | 3.43 | 757 | 3.23 | 711 | 100 |
Maine | 26 | 17,819 | 3.58 | 638 | 3.07 | 548 | 100 |
Maryland | 11 | 19,964 | 3.78 | 754 | 3.01 | 600 | 100 |
Massachusetts | 11 | 17,770 | 3.81 | 677 | 3.14 | 558 | 100 |
Michigan | 20 | 17,484 | 3.73 | 652 | 3.11 | 543 | 100 |
Minnesota | 315 | 17,678 | 3.70 | 655 | 3.04 | 538 | 100 |
Mississippi | 1 | 18,980 | 4.15 | 787 | 3.37 | 639 | 100 |
Missouri | 69 | 16,578 | 3.62 | 600 | 3.11 | 515 | 100 |
Nebraska | 22 | 15,236 | 3.41 | 520 | 3.15 | 480 | 100 |
New Hampshire | 74 | 16,506 | 3.89 | 642 | 3.10 | 512 | 100 |
New York | 101 | 17,906 | 3.55 | 636 | 3.05 | 545 | 100 |
North Carolina | 3 | 16,666 | 3.53 | 589 | 3.22 | 536 | 100 |
Ohio | 96 | 15,918 | 3.36 | 535 | 3.08 | 491 | 100 |
Oklahoma | 192 | 16,232 | 3.40 | 552 | 3.09 | 502 | 100 |
Oregon | 58 | 19,429 | 3.28 | 636 | 3.01 | 585 | 100 |
Pennsylvania | 140 | 19,220 | 3.71 | 714 | 3.07 | 590 | 100 |
Rhode Island | 1 | 16,648 | 3.97 | 661 | 3.21 | 534 | 100 |
South Dakota | 102 | 20,427 | 4.26 | 871 | 3.12 | 637 | 100 |
Tennessee | 2 | 21,393 | 3.71 | 794 | 2.99 | 640 | 100 |
Texas | 328 | 18,339 | 3.75 | 688 | 3.23 | 593 | 100 |
Utah | 47 | 14,386 | 3.62 | 521 | 3.16 | 455 | 100 |
Vermont | 57 | 14,915 | 3.60 | 536 | 3.08 | 459 | 100 |
Virginia | 8 | 18,549 | 3.66 | 679 | 3.10 | 575 | 100 |
Washington | 113 | 18,394 | 3.43 | 631 | 3.04 | 560 | 100 |
West Virginia | 2 | 15,821 | 3.82 | 605 | 3.25 | 514 | 100 |
Wisconsin | 321 | 17,672 | 3.74 | 660 | 3.08 | 544 | 100 |
US | 3,094 | 17,502 | 3.63 | 636 | 3.10 | 540 | 99 |
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Table 7. Red & White State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2006 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | ||||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | Reporting |
Alabama | 3 | 25,496 | 3.84 | 978 | 2.99 | 761 | 100 |
Arizona | 1 | 22,446 | 3.27 | 733 | 3.03 | 681 | 100 |
Arkansas | 15 | 17,617 | 3.49 | 614 | 3.05 | 537 | 100 |
California | 227 | 24,258 | 3.61 | 875 | 3.05 | 726 | 79 |
Colorado | 15 | 24,256 | 3.29 | 798 | 2.97 | 721 | 100 |
Connecticut | 1 | 25,318 | 3.44 | 872 | 2.93 | 742 | 100 |
Florida | 3 | 24,175 | 3.92 | 948 | 3.01 | 727 | 100 |
Georgia | 1 | 21,149 | 3.52 | 745 | 3.24 | 686 | 100 |
Idaho | 30 | 25,451 | 3.61 | 919 | 3.20 | 815 | 100 |
Illinois | 81 | 23,639 | 3.82 | 903 | 2.98 | 704 | 100 |
Indiana | 3 | 20,724 | 4.10 | 849 | 2.97 | 615 | 100 |
Iowa | 38 | 25,134 | 3.61 | 908 | 3.07 | 771 | 100 |
Kansas | 17 | 23,268 | 3.78 | 880 | 3.13 | 728 | 100 |
Kentucky | 37 | 24,196 | 3.85 | 932 | 3.08 | 746 | 100 |
Maine | 3 | 16,296 | 3.56 | 580 | 2.75 | 448 | 100 |
Maryland | 8 | 22,283 | 3.57 | 796 | 2.94 | 656 | 100 |
Michigan | 220 | 25,033 | 3.83 | 959 | 2.96 | 742 | 100 |
Minnesota | 281 | 23,247 | 3.66 | 852 | 2.98 | 693 | 100 |
Mississippi | 1 | 16,922 | 3.52 | 595 | 2.74 | 464 | 100 |
Missouri | 5 | 20,019 | 3.39 | 680 | 2.95 | 591 | 100 |
Nebraska | 2 | 22,078 | 3.81 | 842 | 3.19 | 705 | 100 |
New Hampshire | 1 | 23,360 | 3.67 | 857 | 2.77 | 646 | 100 |
New York | 318 | 23,541 | 3.67 | 865 | 2.97 | 699 | 100 |
North Carolina | 7 | 17,675 | 3.66 | 646 | 2.91 | 514 | 100 |
North Dakota | 3 | 24,508 | 3.40 | 833 | 3.14 | 769 | 100 |
Ohio | 42 | 22,243 | 3.63 | 808 | 3.03 | 675 | 100 |
Oklahoma | 7 | 19,107 | 3.56 | 681 | 3.03 | 579 | 100 |
Oregon | 12 | 24,043 | 3.75 | 902 | 2.95 | 709 | 100 |
Pennsylvania | 379 | 23,332 | 3.77 | 880 | 3.05 | 711 | 100 |
Puerto Rico | 25 | 13,996 | 3.54 | 496 | 3.16 | 443 | 100 |
South Carolina | 126 | 25,628 | 3.62 | 927 | 3.08 | 788 | 100 |
Tennessee | 1 | 19,649 | 3.40 | 668 | 3.11 | 612 | 100 |
Texas | 5 | 22,120 | 3.64 | 806 | 3.15 | 697 | 100 |
Vermont | 10 | 17,675 | 3.80 | 671 | 3.04 | 538 | 100 |
Virginia | 146 | 23,743 | 3.58 | 851 | 2.97 | 706 | 100 |
Washington | 5 | 24,952 | 3.46 | 862 | 2.87 | 717 | 100 |
Wisconsin | 586 | 24,201 | 3.68 | 891 | 2.97 | 719 | 100 |
US | 2,665 | 23,764 | 3.69 | 877 | 3.00 | 712 | 98 |
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Tables 8A-8F. Summary of National Standardized Lactation Averages |
for Cows With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Table 8A. Number of Records | ||||||||||
Calving Year | ||||||||||
Breed | 1980 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 |
Ayrshire | 13,465 | 11,576 | 9,526 | 7,035 | 6,552 | 6,755 | 6,556 | 6,190 | 5,989 | 6,332 |
Brown Swiss | 17,236 | 17,717 | 17,721 | 15,704 | 15,473 | 15,639 | 15,779 | 15,771 | 16,029 | 17,439 |
Guernsey | 38,364 | 25,805 | 15,420 | 9,406 | 8,690 | 8,293 | 7,880 | 7,508 | 7,248 | 6,852 |
Holstein | 1,109,758 | 1,720,127 | 1,769,002 | 1,624,058 | 1,588,990 | 1,589,782 | 1,564,378 | 1,597,548 | 1,650,001 | 1,720,541 |
Jersey | 63,305 | 99,416 | 105,672 | 106,837 | 108,934 | 115,472 | 115,951 | 121,343 | 128,236 | 137,578 |
Milking Shorthorn | 2,302 | 2,684 | 2,662 | 2,407 | 2,323 | 2,534 | 2,619 | 2,619 | 2,723 | 3,094 |
Red and White | 900 | 5,588 | 6,281 | 3,927 | 3,578 | 3,334 | 3,002 | 2,756 | 2,636 | 2,665 |
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Table 8B. Milk (lbs) | ||||||||||
Calving Year | ||||||||||
Breed | 1980 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 |
Ayrshire | 13,144 | 14,799 | 15,684 | 17,389 | 17,878 | 17,880 | 17,738 | 17,885 | 18,303 | 18,232 |
Brown Swiss | 14,172 | 16,250 | 17,493 | 20,300 | 20,694 | 20,869 | 20,715 | 20,757 | 21,405 | 21,413 |
Guernsey | 11,666 | 13,297 | 14,051 | 16,043 | 16,410 | 16,398 | 16,469 | 16,692 | 17,154 | 17,394 |
Holstein | 17,566 | 20,178 | 21,618 | 24,517 | 24,889 | 24,996 | 24,876 | 25,139 | 25,644 | 25,674 |
Jersey | 11,437 | 13,407 | 14,842 | 17,038 | 17,472 | 17,663 | 17,612 | 17,732 | 18,087 | 18,159 |
Milking Shorthorn | 11,560 | 14,011 | 15,341 | 16,548 | 17,008 | 17,144 | 17,381 | 17,267 | 17,582 | 17,502 |
Red and White | 16,470 | 18,832 | 20,161 | 22,845 | 22,981 | 23,102 | 22,933 | 23,186 | 23,815 | 23,764 |
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Table 8C. Fat (%) | ||||||||||
Calving Year | ||||||||||
Breed | 1980 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 |
Ayrshire | 3.88 | 3.85 | 3.86 | 3.86 | 3.84 | 3.85 | 3.84 | 3.80 | 3.82 | 3.83 |
Brown Swiss | 4.06 | 3.98 | 4.01 | 4.01 | 4.00 | 4.01 | 3.99 | 3.99 | 4.00 | 4.00 |
Guernsey | 4.60 | 4.49 | 4.49 | 4.46 | 4.44 | 4.45 | 4.44 | 4.42 | 4.42 | 4.41 |
Holstein | 3.61 | 3.61 | 3.64 | 3.64 | 3.63 | 3.65 | 3.65 | 3.64 | 3.65 | 3.66 |
Jersey | 4.84 | 4.73 | 4.64 | 4.60 | 4.59 | 4.61 | 4.61 | 4.60 | 4.62 | 4.61 |
Milking Shorthorn | 3.69 | 3.58 | 3.58 | 3.59 | 3.57 | 3.58 | 3.57 | 3.57 | 3.58 | 3.63 |
Red and White | 3.62 | 3.67 | 3.68 | 3.66 | 3.65 | 3.65 | 3.65 | 3.63 | 3.63 | 3.69 |
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Table 8D. Fat (lbs) | ||||||||||
Calving Year | ||||||||||
Breed | 1980 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 |
Ayrshire | 510 | 570 | 605 | 671 | 687 | 689 | 681 | 680 | 700 | 698 |
Brown Swiss | 576 | 646 | 701 | 814 | 827 | 837 | 827 | 828 | 856 | 857 |
Guernsey | 536 | 598 | 630 | 716 | 728 | 730 | 731 | 737 | 758 | 767 |
Holstein | 633 | 729 | 786 | 893 | 904 | 911 | 907 | 915 | 936 | 941 |
Jersey | 553 | 634 | 689 | 784 | 802 | 814 | 812 | 815 | 835 | 838 |
Milking Shorthorn | 426 | 502 | 549 | 595 | 608 | 614 | 620 | 616 | 630 | 636 |
Red and White | 596 | 692 | 742 | 837 | 839 | 843 | 837 | 842 | 865 | 877 |
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Table 8E. Protein (%) | ||||||||||
Calving Year | ||||||||||
Breed | 1980 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 |
Ayrshire | 3.16 | 3.13 | 3.13 | 3.12 | 3.12 | 3.13 | 3.13 | 3.12 | 3.13 | |
Brown Swiss | 3.33 | 3.32 | 3.31 | 3.30 | 3.30 | 3.31 | 3.32 | 3.30 | 3.30 | |
Guernsey | 3.30 | 3.27 | 3.31 | 3.29 | 3.28 | 3.29 | 3.29 | 3.27 | 3.27 | |
Holstein | 2.94 | 2.94 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.01 | 3.02 | 3.01 | 3.02 | |
Jersey | 3.60 | 3.56 | 3.58 | 3.57 | 3.55 | 3.56 | 3.57 | 3.57 | 3.58 | |
Milking Shorthorn | 3.09 | 3.07 | 3.10 | 3.07 | 3.08 | 3.08 | 3.09 | 3.09 | 3.10 | |
Red and White | 2.95 | 2.94 | 2.98 | 2.97 | 2.96 | 2.97 | 2.98 | 2.99 | 3.00 |
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Table 8F. Protein (lbs) | ||||||||||
Calving Year | ||||||||||
Breed | 1980 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 |
Ayrshire | 468 | 491 | 545 | 558 | 558 | 555 | 560 | 571 | 570 | |
Brown Swiss | 541 | 581 | 672 | 683 | 688 | 685 | 688 | 707 | 707 | |
Guernsey | 439 | 460 | 531 | 540 | 538 | 541 | 549 | 561 | 569 | |
Holstein | 592 | 636 | 733 | 745 | 749 | 748 | 758 | 772 | 776 | |
Jersey | 482 | 529 | 610 | 625 | 628 | 627 | 633 | 646 | 650 | |
Milking Shorthorn | 433 | 471 | 512 | 522 | 528 | 535 | 533 | 543 | 540 | |
Red and White | 555 | 594 | 680 | 683 | 684 | 682 | 692 | 711 | 712 |
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