State and National Standardized Lactation Averages by Breed

AIPL RESEARCH REPORT
K2-08 (2-10)

State and national standardized lactation averages by breed for cows calving in 2008

H.D. Norman and T.A. Cooper
Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350
301-504-8334 (voice) ~ 301-504-8092 (fax) ~ duane.norman@ars.usda.gov ~ http://aipl.arsusda.gov

Lactation yields are often standardized to provide a reasonably equitable comparison of dairy cows with different lactation characteristics (e.g., calving age, days milked, milking frequency, etc.). This report provides averages of standardized yield for calvings during 2008 for each State and the nation by breed. The data originated from herds enrolled in Dairy Herd Improvement programs. The test-day data used by the Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory to calculate the standardized lactation records were provided by the dairy records processing centers; participation in Dairy Herd Improvement programs and dairy records processing center activity also have been summarized using the same data source.

Only data used in calculation of national genetic evaluations are included in the State and national averages. Thus, records beyond fifth lactation or by cows that lacked either a first-lactation record or valid sire identification were excluded. For other editing requirements that excluded data, see complete evaluation documentation.

Breed yields are different between this report and the herd-average report because this report summarizes standardized lactation yield (yield adjusted to 305 days and twice daily milking in addition to standardization to a mature-age basis). In contrast, the herd-average report is determined from actual herd yields. Input data to the herd-average reports are not restricted to those usable for national genetic evaluations. The herd-average report also is impacted by lactation length and dry period. Relative yields among breeds differ between the two reports because of large breed differences in the percentage of usable records and age-parity factors. Herd-average reports tend to be more current (by about 6 months) than standardized yield reports released at the same time.

Lactation records began to be calculated with the best prediction method in 1997 and are standardized for age-parity (lactation number), calving month, previous days open, and times milked per day. Records shorter than 305 days are extended to 305 days as part of the best prediction process. Prior to 1997, lactation records were calculated with the test-interval method. The change in how lactation records were calculated was responsible for yield increases between 1996 and 1997 because predicted yield for low-producing cows is higher with best prediction than with the test-interval method. Numbers of records and averages for yields and component percentages are in Tables 1 through 7 by State for Ayrshires, Brown Swiss, Guernseys, Holsteins, Jerseys, Milking Shorthorns, and Red and Whites, respectively. Component percentages were computed from averages of standardized yields for milk and components.

Numbers of records and national averages for milk and component yields and component percentages are in Table 8 by breed for selected years. All breeds except Guernsey and Red and White had more usable lactations (Table 8A) in 2008 than in 2007. Holstein calvings were up 4.6%; Jersey calvings increased by 7.3%. Average milk yield (Table 8B) in 2008 was down slightly (0.1 to 0.8%) since 2007 for Ayrshires, Brown Swiss, Holsteins, and Red and Whites and decreased by 2.4% for Milking Shorthorns. Only Guernseys and Jerseys increased in average milk yield (0.2 and 0.3%, respectively) between 2007 and 2008. Fat percentage (Table 8C) in 2008 showed little change since 2007 for all breeds; Milking Shorthorns had the largest change with an increase of 0.05 percentage units. Fat yield (Table 8D) in 2008 declined since 2007 by 2 pounds for Holsteins and Red and Whites and by 8 pounds for Milking Shorthorns but increased by 1 to 3 pounds for the the other breeds. Protein percentage (Table 8E) changed by no more than 0.01 percentage unit for any breed between 2007 and 2008. Average protein yield (Table 8F) in 2008 increased since 2007 by 4 pounds for Jerseys but decreased by 8 pounds for Red and Whites and 12 pounds for Milking Shorthorns; the other breeds changed less than 1 pound.

Although milk and beef prices, feed availability and operating expenses, Government programs, and characteristics of herds entering and leaving eligible testing programs can affect production averages, genetic change continues to have a positive effect on yield. The leveling off of average yields most likely reflects changes in management strategies and more genetic emphasis on other traits such as health and longevity. For instance, average U.S. somatic cell count during 2009 dropped considerably from 2008 (herd somatic cell count report), and days open is no longer increasing (phenotypic trend for pregnancy rate). Interpretation of trends in lactation averages should be made in view of other changes affecting profitability and will be impacted by changes in number of records across years as well.

DHI Lactation Averages for Ayrshire

Table 1. Ayrshire State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2008 With Records
Used in National Genetic Evaluations

	Records	Milk	Fat		Protein
State	(no.)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	Reporting
Alabama	2	12,345	3.72	460	3.32	410	100
Arizona	1	21,695	3.96	859	3.25	706	100
Arkansas	37	16,809	4.02	676	3.21	540	100
California	17	21,789	4.00	872	3.09	674	100
Colorado	7	22,204	3.69	819	3.17	704	100
Connecticut	118	19,364	3.84	743	3.17	613	100
Delaware	1	23,910	4.66	1115	3.37	805	100
Florida	1	19,723	3.10	611	2.84	561	100
Idaho	1	13,595	4.46	607	3.89	529	100
Illinois	240	18,318	3.83	702	3.15	578	100
Indiana	77	15,767	3.78	596	3.18	502	100
Iowa	621	19,338	3.82	739	3.15	609	100
Kansas	56	16,898	3.65	617	3.19	539	100
Kentucky	4	20,020	3.28	657	3.09	618	100
Maine	131	16,254	3.72	604	3.07	500	100
Maryland	350	19,681	3.98	783	3.15	620	100
Massachusetts	35	14,613	3.89	569	3.18	464	100
Michigan	63	18,162	3.88	704	3.11	564	100
Minnesota	210	17,311	3.81	659	3.11	538	100
Mississippi	1	13,651	3.46	472	2.78	380	100
Missouri	77	15,549	3.75	583	3.16	492	100
Nebraska	53	15,182	3.78	574	3.19	484	100
New Hampshire	134	17,794	3.85	685	3.16	562	100
New Jersey	23	16,647	4.01	667	3.20	533	100
New Mexico	212	16,341	4.20	686	3.17	518	100
New York	1,147	18,014	3.84	691	3.12	562	100
North Carolina	42	17,218	3.87	666	3.13	539	100
Ohio	468	18,215	3.83	697	3.15	574	100
Oklahoma	91	19,881	3.58	712	3.12	621	100
Oregon	43	18,376	3.70	680	3.16	581	100
Pennsylvania	863	19,369	3.83	741	3.13	607	100
Rhode Island	43	15,898	4.10	652	3.20	509	100
South Carolina	7	18,143	4.05	735	3.09	561	100
Tennessee	15	16,170	3.41	552	3.10	501	100
Texas	89	16,395	3.93	645	3.19	523	100
Utah	11	12,640	4.23	535	3.29	416	100
Vermont	435	16,950	3.83	650	3.13	530	100
Virginia	32	16,699	3.75	627	3.06	512	100
Washington	32	18,577	3.97	738	3.23	599	100
West Virginia	22	15,327	3.75	575	3.20	490	100
Wisconsin	627	18,150	3.81	692	3.11	564	100
US	6,439	18,145	3.84	697	3.14	569	100

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DHI Lactation Averages for Brown Swiss

Table 2. Brown Swiss State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2008 With Records
Used in National Genetic Evaluations

	Records	Milk	Fat		Protein
State	(no.)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	Reporting
Alabama	8	22,562	3.27	738	3.14	708	100
Arizona	134	22,046	3.85	848	3.20	705	100
Arkansas	44	18,718	4.05	758	3.25	609	100
California	407	22,978	3.85	884	3.25	747	100
Colorado	274	23,695	3.59	850	3.28	776	100
Connecticut	47	18,667	3.96	739	3.29	613	100
Delaware	6	22,530	3.79	854	3.25	733	100
Florida	14	18,129	3.54	643	3.16	573	100
Georgia	93	21,515	3.73	803	3.20	689	100
Idaho	224	20,570	3.93	808	3.43	705	100
Illinois	601	19,819	4.03	800	3.34	662	100
Indiana	534	22,869	4.14	947	3.33	761	100
Iowa	1,473	21,470	3.99	856	3.34	716	100
Kansas	175	21,706	3.73	810	3.35	728	100
Kentucky	78	20,268	3.81	773	3.29	666	100
Louisiana	71	16,161	3.50	566	3.17	512	100
Maine	30	16,826	3.81	642	3.19	536	100
Maryland	324	21,333	4.02	858	3.34	712	100
Massachusetts	159	20,640	3.93	811	3.32	686	100
Michigan	379	22,903	4.04	925	3.35	766	100
Minnesota	1,608	23,079	4.02	927	3.26	752	100
Mississippi	2	18,108	3.63	657	3.23	584	100
Missouri	439	19,563	4.12	806	3.40	665	100
Montana	1	23,230	4.43	1028	3.44	800	100
Nebraska	113	19,185	4.13	792	3.36	644	100
New Hampshire	113	18,073	4.01	726	3.25	588	100
New Jersey	15	23,934	4.14	992	3.25	778	100
New Mexico	17	22,715	3.74	848	3.20	726	100
New York	1,466	21,335	3.97	848	3.28	699	100
North Carolina	69	22,350	3.91	874	3.24	724	100
North Dakota	73	17,566	3.96	696	3.45	607	100
Ohio	1,507	21,450	3.99	856	3.32	712	100
Oklahoma	39	15,386	3.70	569	3.25	500	100
Oregon	284	21,822	3.86	842	3.31	723	100
Pennsylvania	1,311	21,590	3.98	859	3.29	710	100
Puerto Rico	56	15,272	2.81	429	3.25	497	100
Rhode Island	1	15,358	3.84	590	3.48	535	100
South Carolina	14	21,423	3.92	840	3.18	681	100
South Dakota	146	20,196	4.26	860	3.37	680	100
Tennessee	276	19,475	3.97	773	3.33	649	100
Texas	527	19,640	3.87	760	3.39	665	100
Utah	40	20,431	4.00	817	3.28	670	100
Vermont	361	20,357	4.20	855	3.41	694	100
Virginia	169	22,329	3.91	873	3.24	723	100
Washington	343	21,452	3.95	847	3.34	716	100
West Virginia	22	25,098	3.90	980	3.43	862	100
Wisconsin	3,800	22,026	4.03	888	3.28	722	100
US	17,887	21,522	3.99	858	3.30	711	100

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DHI Lactation Averages for Guernsey

Table 3. Guernsey State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2008 With Records
Used in National Genetic Evaluations

	Records	Milk	Fat		Protein
State	(no.)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	Reporting
Arizona	8	19,411	4.01	779	2.93	569	100
Arkansas	7	16,710	4.86	813	3.24	541	100
California	344	18,628	4.19	780	3.35	625	100
Colorado	1	21,829	3.48	760	2.81	613	100
Connecticut	45	16,539	4.35	719	3.29	544	100
Delaware	1	15,532	4.36	677	3.11	483	100
Florida	1	17,760	3.40	603	3.02	537	100
Idaho	27	16,239	4.26	692	3.26	529	100
Illinois	105	16,848	4.32	728	3.24	546	100
Indiana	211	16,771	4.26	715	3.28	550	100
Iowa	550	17,995	4.37	786	3.26	586	100
Kansas	51	17,406	4.28	745	3.24	564	100
Kentucky	19	19,404	3.76	729	3.12	606	100
Louisiana	1	13,552	4.33	587	3.22	437	100
Maine	35	14,177	4.48	635	3.27	464	100
Maryland	278	16,044	4.47	717	3.36	539	100
Massachusetts	27	14,213	4.42	628	3.20	455	100
Michigan	21	13,029	4.06	529	3.16	411	100
Minnesota	318	16,235	4.34	705	3.22	522	100
Missouri	310	15,491	4.36	676	3.36	520	100
Nebraska	42	16,347	4.56	745	3.35	547	100
New Hampshire	14	16,467	4.63	763	3.32	547	100
New Jersey	2	18,293	4.78	875	2.91	532	100
New Mexico	2	20,352	4.15	845	3.16	644	100
New York	556	17,622	4.40	775	3.21	566	100
North Carolina	32	17,251	4.29	741	3.18	549	100
Ohio	288	17,682	4.45	787	3.28	579	100
Oklahoma	29	14,948	4.09	611	3.18	475	100
Oregon	293	17,786	4.26	758	3.25	578	100
Pennsylvania	662	17,029	4.38	746	3.23	549	100
Rhode Island	2	16,934	4.94	837	3.21	544	100
South Carolina	14	16,160	4.39	710	3.15	509	100
South Dakota	50	13,159	4.47	588	3.25	427	100
Tennessee	67	16,274	4.27	695	3.25	528	100
Texas	126	14,752	4.07	601	3.09	457	100
Utah	1	17,246	3.68	635	2.99	516	100
Vermont	130	15,385	4.54	698	3.30	508	100
Virginia	109	16,120	4.57	737	3.28	529	100
Washington	101	19,003	4.37	830	3.32	631	100
West Virginia	10	17,776	4.66	828	3.45	614	100
Wisconsin	1,496	18,212	4.52	822	3.26	593	100
US	6,386	17,274	4.39	759	3.26	563	100

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DHI Lactation Averages for Holstein

Table 4. Holstein State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2008 With Records
Used in National Genetic Evaluations

	Records	Milk	Fat		Protein
State	(no.)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	Reporting
Alabama	619	21,546	3.35	722	2.99	643	100
Arizona	17,687	24,028	3.46	832	2.96	711	100
Arkansas	1,281	21,299	3.53	751	3.02	644	100
California	422,573	26,327	3.55	936	3.01	792	100
Colorado	14,506	26,057	3.56	928	3.09	806	100
Connecticut	6,620	24,381	3.78	922	3.05	743	100
Delaware	2,310	24,674	3.78	933	3.00	740	100
Florida	7,557	23,539	3.57	842	2.92	688	100
Georgia	8,307	23,425	3.58	838	2.97	696	100
Idaho	66,115	25,554	3.56	910	3.06	781	100
Illinois	25,362	24,922	3.64	907	3.02	752	100
Indiana	19,021	24,556	3.73	915	3.02	742	100
Iowa	52,688	25,739	3.62	931	3.02	778	100
Kansas	9,742	24,398	3.66	894	3.09	754	100
Kentucky	7,115	23,508	3.61	848	3.02	710	100
Louisiana	1,802	21,276	3.43	729	2.98	635	100
Maine	6,819	24,110	3.73	899	3.04	732	100
Maryland	19,218	23,962	3.75	899	3.03	727	100
Massachusetts	4,311	24,657	3.76	927	3.05	752	100
Michigan	68,854	25,992	3.76	976	3.00	779	100
Minnesota	139,600	25,246	3.68	930	3.00	757	100
Mississippi	1,910	22,976	3.58	822	2.96	681	100
Missouri	9,671	22,275	3.62	806	3.05	679	100
Montana	2,570	25,892	3.58	926	2.98	772	100
Nebraska	10,263	24,137	3.63	877	3.05	735	100
Nevada	4,926	27,908	3.44	959	3.00	836	100
New Hampshire	6,103	25,836	3.74	965	3.05	787	100
New Jersey	3,194	24,867	3.77	937	3.00	746	100
New Mexico	22,918	24,914	3.51	873	3.06	763	100
New York	199,626	25,406	3.73	947	3.04	772	100
North Carolina	10,399	24,381	3.75	915	2.98	727	100
North Dakota	2,487	23,463	3.67	862	3.03	711	100
Ohio	49,412	24,812	3.72	923	3.03	751	100
Oklahoma	3,153	22,381	3.53	790	3.08	689	100
Oregon	17,568	24,684	3.72	917	3.05	752	100
Pennsylvania	174,591	25,263	3.68	929	3.01	759	100
Puerto Rico	1,925	13,838	3.10	429	2.97	410	100
Rhode Island	59	22,857	3.85	881	3.08	704	100
South Carolina	3,446	25,395	3.46	878	2.94	748	100
South Dakota	11,810	24,572	3.69	906	3.04	746	100
Tennessee	6,827	23,720	3.79	899	2.96	703	100
Texas	23,650	23,894	3.74	893	3.10	740	100
Utah	14,775	24,533	3.63	890	3.07	753	100
Vermont	26,346	25,051	3.76	943	3.07	770	100
Virginia	31,727	24,329	3.64	886	2.97	722	100
Washington	34,384	25,353	3.66	927	3.05	774	100
West Virginia	2,177	23,521	3.64	857	3.00	706	100
Wisconsin	296,644	26,435	3.71	980	2.99	790	100
Wyoming	390	26,543	3.45	917	2.97	790	100
US	1,875,058	25,567	3.65	934	3.01	771	100

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DHI Lactation Averages for Jersey

Table 5. Jersey State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2008 With Records
Used in National Genetic Evaluations

	Records	Milk	Fat		Protein
State	(no.)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	Reporting
Alabama	1,348	15,332	4.48	686	3.57	548	100
Arizona	5,281	18,166	4.41	801	3.52	639	100
Arkansas	116	15,442	5.33	824	3.47	536	100
California	51,900	19,676	4.54	892	3.59	707	100
Colorado	363	18,346	4.42	811	3.53	647	100
Connecticut	536	16,727	4.73	791	3.56	596	100
Delaware	113	21,570	4.46	963	3.38	729	100
Florida	131	15,969	4.41	704	3.34	534	100
Georgia	265	15,913	4.36	694	3.47	552	100
Idaho	4,023	17,953	4.56	818	3.65	655	100
Illinois	1,584	16,897	4.55	769	3.58	605	100
Indiana	1,224	17,163	4.69	805	3.59	616	100
Iowa	4,215	18,429	4.64	856	3.53	651	100
Kansas	1,135	17,616	4.56	803	3.61	636	100
Kentucky	1,025	15,925	4.47	712	3.51	558	100
Louisiana	122	15,374	4.06	624	3.46	532	100
Maine	687	17,440	4.68	816	3.51	612	100
Maryland	1,107	16,003	4.77	763	3.66	585	100
Massachusetts	780	17,260	4.75	820	3.58	617	100
Michigan	1,292	16,679	4.78	796	3.62	604	100
Minnesota	2,953	17,199	4.65	800	3.55	610	100
Mississippi	556	16,188	4.33	700	3.48	564	100
Missouri	1,701	15,145	4.60	696	3.58	542	100
Montana	11	17,326	4.32	749	3.56	617	100
Nebraska	496	19,214	4.57	878	3.61	693	100
Nevada	343	18,228	4.45	812	3.67	669	100
New Hampshire	563	17,026	4.76	810	3.62	617	100
New Jersey	98	16,890	4.91	829	3.50	591	100
New Mexico	2,259	17,386	4.45	774	3.60	626	100
New York	5,934	17,858	4.61	823	3.51	626	100
North Carolina	2,295	19,411	4.46	866	3.45	669	100
North Dakota	63	16,360	4.41	721	3.61	591	100
Ohio	7,427	18,012	4.76	858	3.62	651	100
Oklahoma	829	15,725	4.37	688	3.59	564	100
Oregon	10,277	18,322	4.63	848	3.66	670	100
Pennsylvania	7,688	17,162	4.73	811	3.58	615	100
Puerto Rico	52	13,488	3.36	453	3.40	458	100
Rhode Island	20	17,627	4.61	813	3.59	633	100
South Carolina	2,370	18,024	4.52	815	3.45	622	100
South Dakota	743	17,730	4.68	831	3.54	628	100
Tennessee	1,810	17,144	4.67	800	3.48	597	100
Texas	9,164	17,285	4.37	755	3.59	620	100
Utah	1,767	17,070	4.67	797	3.64	621	100
Vermont	2,556	16,038	4.73	759	3.59	576	100
Virginia	1,062	18,197	4.49	816	3.46	630	100
Washington	2,459	17,273	4.61	796	3.60	621	100
West Virginia	426	14,975	4.56	683	3.53	529	100
Wisconsin	10,968	18,615	4.71	876	3.56	663	100
US	154,137	18,328	4.58	839	3.58	656	100

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DHI Lactation Averages for Milking Shorthorn

Table 6. Milking Shorthorn State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2008 With
Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations

	Records	Milk	Fat		Protein
State	(no.)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	Reporting
Arizona	289	12,544	3.53	442	3.00	377	100
Arkansas	102	18,543	4.28	794	3.19	592	100
California	198	19,211	3.43	659	3.01	578	100
Colorado	19	21,828	3.50	763	3.13	684	100
Connecticut	4	15,412	3.57	550	3.01	464	100
Georgia	2	19,391	3.77	732	3.07	596	100
Idaho	41	18,179	3.60	655	3.15	572	100
Illinois	43	18,077	3.84	695	3.13	565	100
Indiana	63	19,016	3.47	659	3.15	599	100
Iowa	91	19,410	3.59	697	3.05	592	100
Kansas	13	17,607	3.41	600	3.10	547	100
Kentucky	2	24,045	3.33	801	3.18	764	100
Louisiana	1	17,619	4.23	746	3.04	536	100
Maine	26	17,439	3.64	635	3.11	542	100
Maryland	33	18,749	3.66	687	3.04	571	100
Massachusetts	18	15,103	3.78	571	2.96	447	100
Michigan	30	15,591	3.81	595	3.15	492	100
Minnesota	303	16,554	3.69	610	3.04	503	100
Missouri	59	16,050	3.57	573	3.14	504	100
Nebraska	19	13,312	3.37	449	3.11	414	100
New Hampshire	79	18,173	3.88	705	3.15	572	100
New York	116	17,818	3.59	640	3.07	547	100
North Carolina	3	20,282	3.31	672	3.09	626	100
North Dakota	2	18,455	4.45	821	3.07	567	100
Ohio	126	17,886	3.65	652	3.07	550	100
Oklahoma	163	16,077	3.35	539	3.03	487	100
Oregon	45	18,567	3.47	644	3.05	567	100
Pennsylvania	137	19,493	3.66	713	3.06	597	100
Rhode Island	1	16,342	4.09	668	3.26	532	100
South Dakota	70	19,998	3.97	794	3.12	624	100
Tennessee	7	15,662	3.91	612	3.08	483	100
Texas	468	17,139	3.97	680	3.23	554	100
Utah	49	15,010	3.68	553	3.14	471	100
Vermont	58	16,316	3.59	586	3.09	505	100
Virginia	10	19,141	3.65	699	3.01	576	100
Washington	105	14,655	3.81	559	3.03	444	100
West Virginia	1	12,527	4.53	567	3.36	421	100
Wisconsin	361	17,171	3.76	646	3.07	527	100
US	3,157	17,040	3.71	631	3.09	527	100

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DHI Lactation Averages for Red & White

Table 7. Red & White State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2008 With Records
Used in National Genetic Evaluations

	Records	Milk	Fat		Protein
State	(no.)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	(%)	(lb)	Reporting
Arkansas	21	18,041	3.45	623	2.99	540	100
California	197	25,074	3.47	871	2.90	727	100
Colorado	7	21,757	3.56	775	3.07	667	100
Connecticut	1	18,763	3.43	644	3.05	573	100
Delaware	1	27,166	4.41	1198	3.27	889	100
Florida	2	17,940	4.03	724	3.01	541	100
Georgia	1	26,255	3.27	858	2.85	748	100
Idaho	3	27,169	3.48	945	3.22	874	100
Illinois	73	22,747	3.79	863	2.99	680	100
Indiana	3	23,940	4.10	982	2.98	713	100
Iowa	45	24,807	3.65	905	3.03	751	100
Kansas	9	22,836	3.73	852	3.13	715	100
Kentucky	27	24,108	3.89	938	3.08	743	100
Maine	2	15,657	3.70	580	2.90	454	100
Maryland	7	22,000	3.58	788	3.14	691	100
Michigan	192	23,307	3.91	912	3.04	710	100
Minnesota	287	23,712	3.73	886	2.99	708	100
Missouri	2	15,938	3.66	584	2.99	477	100
Nebraska	2	24,119	4.00	965	3.16	762	100
New Jersey	1	23,106	3.71	857	2.94	680	100
New York	304	23,294	3.78	881	2.97	693	100
North Carolina	11	20,934	3.63	760	3.02	631	100
Ohio	63	23,498	3.74	879	3.07	721	100
Oklahoma	7	18,592	3.36	624	2.96	550	100
Oregon	8	25,286	3.74	946	2.97	752	100
Pennsylvania	354	22,676	3.79	860	3.06	694	100
Puerto Rico	13	13,796	3.49	482	3.00	414	100
South Carolina	13	24,082	3.64	876	2.97	716	100
South Dakota	1	18,449	4.14	764	3.16	583	100
Texas	39	19,665	3.98	783	3.21	632	100
Vermont	8	19,184	3.48	668	2.90	556	100
Virginia	128	23,929	3.65	874	3.01	720	100
Washington	3	22,330	3.59	801	2.97	664	100
Wisconsin	581	24,146	3.73	900	2.97	716	100
US	2,416	23,459	3.73	876	3.00	703	100

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DHI Lactation Averages Over Time

Tables 8A-8F. Summary of National Standardized Lactation Averages

for Cows With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations

	Table 8A. Number of Records
	Calving Year
Breed	1980	1990	1995	2000	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008
Ayrshire	13,465	11,576	9,526	7,035	6,556	6,190	5,989	6,332	6,198	6,439
Brown Swiss	17,236	17,717	17,721	15,704	15,779	15,771	16,029	17,439	17,406	17,887
Guernsey	38,364	25,805	15,420	9,406	7,880	7,508	7,248	6,852	6,727	6,386
Holstein	1,109,758	1,720,127	1,769,002	1,624,058	1,564,378	1,597,548	1,650,001	1,720,541	1,793,105	1,875,058
Jersey	63,305	99,416	105,672	106,837	115,951	121,343	128,236	137,578	143,634	154,137
Milking Shorthorn	2,302	2,684	2,662	2,407	2,619	2,619	2,723	3,094	3,056	3,157
Red and White	900	5,588	6,281	3,927	3,002	2,756	2,636	2,665	2,581	2,416

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	Table 8B. Milk (lb)
	Calving Year
Breed	1980	1990	1995	2000	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008
Ayrshire	13,144	14,799	15,684	17,389	17,738	17,885	18,303	18,232	18,220	18,145
Brown Swiss	14,172	16,250	17,493	20,300	20,715	20,757	21,405	21,413	21,533	21,522
Guernsey	11,666	13,297	14,051	16,043	16,469	16,692	17,154	17,394	17,243	17,274
Holstein	17,566	20,178	21,618	24,517	24,876	25,139	25,644	25,674	25,639	25,567
Jersey	11,437	13,407	14,842	17,038	17,612	17,732	18,087	18,159	18,265	18,328
Milking Shorthorn	11,560	14,011	15,341	16,548	17,381	17,267	17,582	17,502	17,461	17,040
Red and White	16,470	18,832	20,161	22,845	22,933	23,186	23,815	23,764	23,637	23,459

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	Table 8C. Fat (%)
	Calving Year
Breed	1980	1990	1995	2000	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008
Ayrshire	3.88	3.85	3.86	3.86	3.84	3.80	3.82	3.83	3.82	3.84
Brown Swiss	4.06	3.98	4.01	4.01	3.99	3.99	4.00	4.00	3.98	3.99
Guernsey	4.60	4.49	4.49	4.46	4.44	4.42	4.42	4.41	4.39	4.39
Holstein	3.61	3.61	3.64	3.64	3.65	3.64	3.65	3.66	3.65	3.65
Jersey	4.84	4.73	4.64	4.60	4.61	4.60	4.62	4.61	4.58	4.58
Milking Shorthorn	3.69	3.58	3.58	3.59	3.57	3.57	3.58	3.63	3.66	3.71
Red and White	3.62	3.67	3.68	3.66	3.65	3.63	3.63	3.69	3.71	3.73

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	Table 8D. Fat (lb)
	Calving Year
Breed	1980	1990	1995	2000	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008
Ayrshire	510	570	605	671	681	680	700	698	696	697
Brown Swiss	576	646	701	814	827	828	856	857	856	858
Guernsey	536	598	630	716	731	737	758	767	757	759
Holstein	633	729	786	893	907	915	936	941	936	934
Jersey	553	634	689	784	812	815	835	838	836	839
Milking Shorthorn	426	502	549	595	620	616	630	636	639	631
Red and White	596	692	742	837	837	842	865	877	878	876

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	Table 8E. Protein (%)
	Calving Year
Breed	1980	1990	1995	2000	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008
Ayrshire		3.16	3.13	3.13	3.13	3.13	3.12	3.13	3.13	3.14
Brown Swiss		3.33	3.32	3.31	3.31	3.32	3.30	3.30	3.30	3.30
Guernsey		3.30	3.27	3.31	3.29	3.29	3.27	3.27	3.27	3.26
Holstein		2.94	2.94	3.00	3.01	3.02	3.01	3.02	3.01	3.01
Jersey		3.60	3.56	3.58	3.56	3.57	3.57	3.58	3.57	3.58
Milking Shorthorn		3.09	3.07	3.10	3.08	3.09	3.09	3.10	3.09	3.09
Red and White		2.95	2.94	2.98	2.97	2.98	2.99	3.00	3.01	3.00

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	Table 8F. Protein (lb)
	Calving Year
Breed	1980	1990	1995	2000	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008
Ayrshire		468	491	545	555	560	571	570	570	569
Brown Swiss		541	581	672	685	688	707	707	710	711
Guernsey		439	460	531	541	549	561	569	563	563
Holstein		592	636	733	748	758	772	776	772	771
Jersey		482	529	610	627	633	646	650	652	656
Milking Shorthorn		433	471	512	535	533	543	540	539	527
Red and White		555	594	680	682	692	711	712	711	703

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