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State and national standardized lactation averages by breed for cows calving inH.D. Norman and L.M. WaltonCouncil on Dairy Cattle Breeding 301-525-2006~ duane.norman@uscdcb.com ~ https://uscdcb.com |
Lactation yields are often standardized to provide a reasonably equitable comparison of dairy cows with different lactation characteristics (e.g., calving age, days milked, milking frequency, etc.). This report provides averages of standardized yield for calvings during for each State and the nation by breed, plus includes a few large Mexican herds tested through the U.S. system as well. The data originated from herds enrolled in Dairy Herd Improvement programs. The test-day data used by the Council on Dairy Cattle Breeding to calculate the standardized lactation records were provided by the dairy records processing centers; participation in Dairy Herd Improvement programs and dairy records processing center activity have been summarized also using the same data source.
Only data used in calculation of national genetic evaluations are included in the State and national averages. Thus, records beyond fifth lactation or by cows that lacked either a first-lactation record or valid sire identification were excluded. For other editing requirements that excluded data, see complete evaluation documentation.
Breed yields are different between this report and the herd-average report because this report summarizes standardized lactation yield (yield adjusted to 305 days and twice daily milking and for month of calving in addition to standardization to a mature-age basis). In contrast, the herd-average report is determined from actual herd yields. Herd-averages derived are not restricted to records usable for national genetic evaluations. Herd-averages are impacted by lactation length and dry period. Relative yields among breeds differ between the two reports because of large breed differences in the percentage of usable records and age-parity factors. Herd-average reports tend to be more current (by about 6 months) than standardized yield reports released at the same time and provide a more accurate comparrison of actual breed productivity.
Lactation records began to be calculated with the best prediction method in 1997 and are standardized for age-parity (lactation number), calving month, previous days open, and times milked per day. Records shorter than 305 days are extended to 305 days as part of the best prediction process. Prior to 1997, lactation records were calculated with the test-interval method. The change in how lactation records were calculated was responsible for some of the yield increases between 1995 and 2000 because predicted yield for low-producing cows is higher with best prediction than with the test-interval method. Numbers of records and averages for yields and component percentages are in Tables 1 through 7 by State for Ayrshires, Brown Swiss, Guernseys, Holsteins, Jerseys, Milking Shorthorns, and Red and Whites, respectively. Component percentages were computed from averages of standardized yields for milk and fat or protein.
Numbers of records and national averages for milk and component yields and component percentages are in Table 8A-F by breed for selected years. Brown Swiss, Holsteins, and Jerseys had more usable lactations (Table 8A) in 2012 than in 2011. Holstein calvings were up 2.6%; Jersey calvings increased by 9.2%. Compared with 2011, milk yield (Table 8B) increased for 6 of the 7 breeds; Ayrshires by 0.8%, Brown Swiss by 1.0%, Guernseys and Holsteins by 1.3%, Jerseys by 1.9%, and Red and White by 1.0%. Fat percentage (Table 8C) in 2012 showed increases from 2011, rising .04 or .05 in the Brown Swiss, Holstein, and Jersey breeds. Fat yield (Table 8D) in 2012 increased by 8 pounds in Ayrshires and Red and Whites, 20 pounds in Brown Swiss, 10 pounds for Guernseys, 22 pounds for Holstein, and 26 pounds for Jerseys. Protein percentage (Table 8E) remained the same for 4 of the 7 breeds and changed by only .01 percentage units for the remaining 3 breeds. Since 2011, average protein yield (Table 8F) increased by 6 pounds for Ayrshires, 8 pounds for Guernseys and Red and Whites, 9 pounds for Brown Swiss, 11 pounds for Jerseys, and 12 pounds for Holsteins.
Milk, beef, and feed prices, Government programs, and characteristics of herds entering and leaving eligible testing programs affect production averages. Average yields across time reflects changes in management strategies and increasing genetic emphasis on other traits such as health and longevity. Genetic change continues to have a positive effect on yield. Interpretation of trends in lactation averages should be made in view of all the changes affecting profitability.
Table 1. Ayrshire State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2012 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | |||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) |
Arizona | 2 | 20,657 | 3.25 | 671 | 2.84 | 587 |
Arkansas | 19 | 15,611 | 3.49 | 545 | 3.15 | 491 |
California | 14 | 23,538 | 3.68 | 866 | 3.19 | 751 |
Colorado | 8 | 17,942 | 3.88 | 697 | 3.08 | 552 |
Connecticut | 115 | 19,672 | 3.95 | 777 | 3.18 | 625 |
Delaware | 4 | 19,529 | 3.86 | 754 | 3.16 | 618 |
Idaho | 2 | 20,761 | 3.72 | 772 | 3.36 | 698 |
Illinois | 160 | 19,812 | 3.74 | 742 | 3.14 | 623 |
Indiana | 72 | 17,645 | 3.84 | 677 | 3.14 | 554 |
Iowa | 522 | 19,314 | 3.93 | 760 | 3.17 | 612 |
Kansas | 10 | 18,209 | 3.90 | 710 | 3.15 | 574 |
Kentucky | 9 | 13,214 | 3.53 | 466 | 3.13 | 414 |
Louisiana | 3 | 19,063 | 3.49 | 666 | 3.12 | 595 |
Maine | 114 | 16,311 | 3.86 | 630 | 3.10 | 505 |
Maryland | 302 | 19,291 | 3.99 | 770 | 3.11 | 600 |
Massachusetts | 26 | 12,999 | 3.84 | 500 | 3.07 | 399 |
Michigan | 50 | 19,847 | 3.73 | 740 | 3.16 | 626 |
Minnesota | 254 | 16,014 | 3.81 | 611 | 3.16 | 506 |
Missouri | 82 | 15,849 | 3.76 | 595 | 3.15 | 500 |
Nebraska | 4 | 20,445 | 3.88 | 793 | 3.25 | 664 |
New Hampshire | 80 | 18,271 | 3.95 | 722 | 3.20 | 584 |
New Jersey | 18 | 15,837 | 3.96 | 627 | 3.05 | 483 |
New Mexico | 265 | 18,538 | 3.93 | 729 | 3.29 | 609 |
New York | 1,093 | 19,199 | 3.85 | 738 | 3.11 | 596 |
North Carolina | 8 | 17,608 | 3.66 | 645 | 3.00 | 529 |
North Dakota | 2 | 14,531 | 4.16 | 605 | 3.21 | 467 |
Ohio | 371 | 18,540 | 3.86 | 715 | 3.18 | 590 |
Oklahoma | 40 | 15,332 | 3.77 | 578 | 3.23 | 495 |
Oregon | 24 | 16,184 | 4.19 | 677 | 3.26 | 527 |
Pennsylvania | 739 | 18,302 | 3.83 | 702 | 3.14 | 575 |
Rhode Island | 21 | 16,107 | 4.06 | 654 | 3.11 | 501 |
South Carolina | 6 | 13,696 | 4.15 | 568 | 3.05 | 417 |
South Dakota | 3 | 14,632 | 3.85 | 563 | 3.36 | 491 |
Tennessee | 15 | 17,819 | 3.89 | 692 | 3.13 | 558 |
Texas | 32 | 16,867 | 3.69 | 623 | 3.27 | 551 |
Utah | 18 | 13,075 | 3.83 | 501 | 3.08 | 403 |
Vermont | 413 | 17,284 | 3.81 | 659 | 3.09 | 534 |
Virginia | 48 | 16,484 | 3.80 | 626 | 3.14 | 517 |
Washington | 61 | 16,999 | 3.89 | 661 | 3.16 | 538 |
West Virginia | 27 | 14,313 | 3.58 | 513 | 3.13 | 448 |
Wisconsin | 671 | 19,361 | 3.81 | 737 | 3.14 | 608 |
United States | 5,727 | 18,440 | 3.85 | 711 | 3.14 | 580 |
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Table 2. Brown Swiss State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2012 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | |||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) |
Alabama | 5 | 17,275 | 3.62 | 625 | 3.18 | 550 |
Arizona | 158 | 21,827 | 3.99 | 870 | 3.25 | 710 |
Arkansas | 17 | 21,893 | 3.66 | 802 | 3.20 | 701 |
California | 341 | 22,665 | 3.89 | 881 | 3.32 | 753 |
Colorado | 578 | 24,312 | 3.83 | 932 | 3.36 | 816 |
Connecticut | 66 | 18,699 | 3.88 | 726 | 3.30 | 618 |
Delaware | 5 | 26,061 | 3.71 | 966 | 2.96 | 770 |
Florida | 21 | 17,907 | 3.46 | 619 | 3.12 | 558 |
Georgia | 128 | 16,574 | 4.05 | 671 | 3.31 | 549 |
Idaho | 194 | 22,150 | 3.94 | 873 | 3.40 | 754 |
Illinois | 526 | 21,776 | 4.09 | 891 | 3.40 | 741 |
Indiana | 545 | 22,509 | 3.99 | 899 | 3.32 | 747 |
Iowa | 1,405 | 22,222 | 4.07 | 905 | 3.34 | 742 |
Kansas | 120 | 22,017 | 3.95 | 870 | 3.40 | 749 |
Kentucky | 147 | 20,490 | 3.94 | 807 | 3.30 | 677 |
Louisiana | 5 | 17,655 | 3.81 | 673 | 3.22 | 569 |
Maine | 38 | 15,573 | 3.84 | 598 | 3.20 | 499 |
Maryland | 206 | 21,625 | 4.04 | 873 | 3.30 | 713 |
Massachusetts | 137 | 21,276 | 3.72 | 792 | 3.20 | 680 |
Michigan | 205 | 23,474 | 4.03 | 945 | 3.33 | 781 |
Minnesota | 1,765 | 22,971 | 4.06 | 933 | 3.32 | 762 |
Mississippi | 6 | 15,706 | 3.62 | 569 | 3.16 | 496 |
Missouri | 515 | 18,662 | 4.19 | 782 | 3.35 | 624 |
Nebraska | 26 | 21,829 | 3.94 | 860 | 3.35 | 730 |
New Hampshire | 81 | 18,567 | 4.03 | 748 | 3.25 | 603 |
New Jersey | 18 | 21,052 | 4.13 | 869 | 3.18 | 670 |
New Mexico | 15 | 22,987 | 3.54 | 814 | 3.20 | 737 |
New York | 1,763 | 21,778 | 3.99 | 868 | 3.26 | 711 |
North Carolina | 71 | 21,329 | 4.11 | 876 | 3.22 | 688 |
North Dakota | 61 | 17,083 | 4.13 | 706 | 3.47 | 592 |
Ohio | 1,429 | 22,279 | 4.13 | 920 | 3.37 | 751 |
Oklahoma | 19 | 18,554 | 3.68 | 683 | 3.21 | 596 |
Oregon | 274 | 21,773 | 3.99 | 868 | 3.33 | 726 |
Pennsylvania | 1,380 | 22,542 | 3.96 | 892 | 3.27 | 738 |
South Carolina | 12 | 17,914 | 3.89 | 697 | 3.20 | 573 |
South Dakota | 62 | 19,310 | 4.33 | 837 | 3.51 | 677 |
Tennessee | 192 | 18,459 | 3.75 | 693 | 3.31 | 611 |
Texas | 964 | 24,226 | 3.93 | 953 | 3.35 | 812 |
Utah | 135 | 20,726 | 3.93 | 814 | 3.42 | 709 |
Vermont | 358 | 19,793 | 4.10 | 811 | 3.37 | 668 |
Virginia | 183 | 22,046 | 3.89 | 857 | 3.22 | 711 |
Washington | 359 | 20,194 | 4.14 | 837 | 3.42 | 691 |
West Virginia | 24 | 18,760 | 3.92 | 736 | 3.32 | 622 |
Wisconsin | 3,820 | 22,977 | 4.06 | 933 | 3.32 | 762 |
United States | 18,379 | 22,214 | 4.02 | 894 | 3.32 | 738 |
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Table 3. Guernsey State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2012 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | |||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) |
Arizona | 3 | 20,951 | 3.69 | 772 | 2.89 | 606 |
California | 213 | 17,821 | 4.34 | 773 | 3.41 | 608 |
Connecticut | 30 | 16,055 | 4.44 | 713 | 3.20 | 514 |
Delaware | 1 | 22,482 | 4.12 | 927 | 3.22 | 725 |
Florida | 4 | 13,929 | 3.74 | 521 | 3.15 | 438 |
Illinois | 93 | 17,268 | 4.25 | 734 | 3.24 | 559 |
Indiana | 150 | 17,704 | 4.38 | 775 | 3.36 | 595 |
Iowa | 580 | 17,960 | 4.40 | 790 | 3.26 | 585 |
Kansas | 51 | 16,621 | 4.47 | 743 | 3.32 | 551 |
Kentucky | 24 | 22,059 | 3.82 | 843 | 3.15 | 695 |
Louisiana | 3 | 19,553 | 3.95 | 772 | 3.28 | 641 |
Maine | 47 | 14,437 | 4.61 | 665 | 3.28 | 473 |
Maryland | 196 | 17,056 | 4.61 | 786 | 3.28 | 559 |
Massachusetts | 41 | 14,927 | 4.43 | 661 | 3.19 | 476 |
Michigan | 11 | 14,439 | 4.08 | 590 | 3.25 | 469 |
Minnesota | 194 | 17,275 | 4.39 | 759 | 3.30 | 570 |
Mississippi | 1 | 14,776 | 4.03 | 595 | 3.27 | 483 |
Missouri | 256 | 15,148 | 4.28 | 648 | 3.26 | 495 |
Nebraska | 35 | 15,473 | 4.58 | 709 | 3.41 | 527 |
New Hampshire | 11 | 15,414 | 4.65 | 717 | 3.35 | 516 |
New Jersey | 3 | 13,644 | 4.99 | 680 | 3.46 | 472 |
New Mexico | 3 | 19,141 | 4.12 | 789 | 3.24 | 620 |
New York | 549 | 18,273 | 4.39 | 801 | 3.19 | 582 |
North Carolina | 5 | 17,204 | 4.42 | 761 | 3.34 | 574 |
North Dakota | 1 | 19,207 | 4.68 | 898 | 3.38 | 650 |
Ohio | 382 | 17,953 | 4.40 | 791 | 3.30 | 593 |
Oklahoma | 58 | 15,009 | 4.18 | 628 | 3.25 | 488 |
Oregon | 184 | 16,313 | 4.30 | 702 | 3.21 | 523 |
Pennsylvania | 682 | 17,617 | 4.38 | 771 | 3.25 | 573 |
Rhode Island | 5 | 17,042 | 4.36 | 743 | 3.34 | 569 |
South Carolina | 20 | 11,438 | 4.16 | 476 | 3.04 | 348 |
South Dakota | 21 | 13,244 | 4.19 | 555 | 3.32 | 440 |
Tennessee | 65 | 16,723 | 4.17 | 697 | 3.23 | 541 |
Texas | 105 | 13,730 | 4.32 | 593 | 3.27 | 448 |
Vermont | 100 | 13,773 | 4.43 | 610 | 3.20 | 441 |
Virginia | 99 | 15,792 | 4.60 | 726 | 3.27 | 516 |
Washington | 122 | 17,733 | 4.56 | 809 | 3.29 | 583 |
West Virginia | 7 | 13,153 | 4.34 | 571 | 3.31 | 436 |
Wisconsin | 1,452 | 18,936 | 4.50 | 852 | 3.29 | 623 |
United States | 5,807 | 17,578 | 4.42 | 776 | 3.27 | 575 |
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Table 4. Holstein State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2012 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | |||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) |
Alabama | 477 | 19,777 | 3.50 | 692 | 3.01 | 595 |
Arizona | 14,069 | 23,879 | 3.42 | 816 | 2.97 | 710 |
Arkansas | 640 | 20,458 | 3.45 | 706 | 3.02 | 618 |
California | 471,883 | 26,832 | 3.62 | 972 | 3.06 | 822 |
Colorado | 22,230 | 26,288 | 3.69 | 971 | 3.13 | 823 |
Connecticut | 6,623 | 25,198 | 3.76 | 948 | 3.03 | 764 |
Delaware | 2,538 | 26,183 | 3.76 | 985 | 2.99 | 783 |
Florida | 11,691 | 23,266 | 3.69 | 858 | 2.96 | 688 |
Georgia | 7,886 | 23,802 | 3.66 | 872 | 2.98 | 709 |
Idaho | 115,779 | 26,272 | 3.70 | 971 | 3.11 | 817 |
Illinois | 27,217 | 25,825 | 3.74 | 965 | 3.05 | 788 |
Indiana | 23,185 | 25,626 | 3.78 | 969 | 3.05 | 781 |
Iowa | 58,458 | 26,708 | 3.75 | 1003 | 3.06 | 818 |
Kansas | 8,505 | 24,699 | 3.75 | 927 | 3.08 | 760 |
Kentucky | 6,756 | 23,952 | 3.61 | 864 | 3.00 | 718 |
Louisiana | 1,590 | 20,702 | 3.54 | 734 | 3.01 | 623 |
Maine | 7,595 | 25,083 | 3.67 | 921 | 2.99 | 750 |
Maryland | 20,043 | 24,454 | 3.75 | 916 | 2.98 | 729 |
Massachusetts | 3,096 | 24,752 | 3.86 | 955 | 3.05 | 754 |
Mexico | 2,265 | 26,234 | 3.34 | 876 | 3.19 | 836 |
Michigan | 89,568 | 27,104 | 3.68 | 997 | 3.04 | 825 |
Minnesota | 150,687 | 26,040 | 3.78 | 985 | 3.06 | 797 |
Mississippi | 1,960 | 23,179 | 3.71 | 859 | 2.98 | 692 |
Missouri | 10,565 | 22,895 | 3.74 | 856 | 3.04 | 695 |
Montana | 2,322 | 25,712 | 3.78 | 971 | 2.95 | 760 |
Nebraska | 12,065 | 25,683 | 3.71 | 952 | 3.09 | 794 |
Nevada | 2,782 | 26,989 | 3.65 | 986 | 3.11 | 840 |
New Hampshire | 6,045 | 26,452 | 3.71 | 980 | 3.02 | 800 |
New Jersey | 2,273 | 24,505 | 3.67 | 899 | 2.97 | 728 |
New Mexico | 30,705 | 25,558 | 3.55 | 906 | 3.13 | 800 |
New York | 224,888 | 26,149 | 3.79 | 992 | 3.05 | 796 |
North Carolina | 10,775 | 25,592 | 3.86 | 989 | 2.96 | 758 |
North Dakota | 2,339 | 25,303 | 3.71 | 939 | 3.07 | 776 |
Ohio | 53,116 | 25,922 | 3.71 | 961 | 3.04 | 788 |
Oklahoma | 1,791 | 21,857 | 3.69 | 806 | 3.05 | 666 |
Oregon | 18,324 | 24,586 | 3.78 | 929 | 3.08 | 758 |
Pennsylvania | 178,424 | 25,784 | 3.69 | 950 | 3.01 | 776 |
Rhode Island | 144 | 26,893 | 3.63 | 977 | 3.00 | 805 |
South Carolina | 3,111 | 23,738 | 3.74 | 888 | 3.00 | 713 |
South Dakota | 17,637 | 25,280 | 3.96 | 1001 | 3.08 | 779 |
Tennessee | 5,845 | 23,152 | 3.77 | 873 | 2.99 | 693 |
Texas | 26,536 | 24,949 | 3.66 | 913 | 3.11 | 777 |
Utah | 13,724 | 24,090 | 3.75 | 904 | 3.06 | 738 |
Vermont | 29,122 | 25,286 | 3.79 | 958 | 3.08 | 778 |
Virginia | 34,397 | 24,289 | 3.69 | 897 | 2.98 | 724 |
Washington | 42,626 | 25,242 | 3.79 | 957 | 3.12 | 787 |
West Virginia | 1,720 | 22,587 | 3.73 | 843 | 2.99 | 675 |
Wisconsin | 370,643 | 27,581 | 3.77 | 1039 | 3.04 | 838 |
Wyoming | 462 | 26,313 | 3.49 | 918 | 3.04 | 799 |
United States | 2,157,122 | 26,312 | 3.71 | 977 | 3.05 | 803 |
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Table 5. Jersey State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2012 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | |||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) |
Alabama | 766 | 13,920 | 4.70 | 655 | 3.55 | 494 |
Arizona | 9,362 | 18,063 | 4.68 | 846 | 3.54 | 639 |
Arkansas | 62 | 14,531 | 4.23 | 614 | 3.45 | 502 |
California | 73,633 | 20,700 | 4.74 | 981 | 3.63 | 751 |
Colorado | 184 | 18,602 | 4.77 | 887 | 3.76 | 699 |
Connecticut | 543 | 16,568 | 4.80 | 795 | 3.51 | 581 |
Delaware | 172 | 20,195 | 4.79 | 967 | 3.44 | 694 |
Florida | 142 | 14,816 | 4.27 | 632 | 3.48 | 516 |
Georgia | 116 | 15,835 | 4.26 | 674 | 3.42 | 541 |
Idaho | 9,916 | 19,427 | 4.69 | 911 | 3.56 | 692 |
Illinois | 2,022 | 18,306 | 4.73 | 866 | 3.64 | 667 |
Indiana | 943 | 18,244 | 4.73 | 864 | 3.60 | 657 |
Iowa | 8,165 | 18,838 | 4.90 | 922 | 3.64 | 686 |
Kansas | 1,215 | 17,452 | 4.88 | 851 | 3.69 | 644 |
Kentucky | 1,035 | 16,550 | 4.54 | 752 | 3.58 | 593 |
Louisiana | 87 | 15,046 | 4.24 | 637 | 3.47 | 522 |
Maine | 872 | 17,470 | 4.64 | 811 | 3.49 | 609 |
Maryland | 1,217 | 17,085 | 4.81 | 823 | 3.60 | 616 |
Massachusetts | 511 | 16,717 | 4.80 | 803 | 3.66 | 612 |
Michigan | 1,309 | 17,433 | 4.75 | 828 | 3.60 | 628 |
Minnesota | 3,913 | 18,358 | 4.77 | 876 | 3.62 | 664 |
Mississippi | 871 | 14,060 | 4.29 | 603 | 3.40 | 479 |
Missouri | 1,368 | 15,401 | 4.52 | 697 | 3.57 | 549 |
Montana | 8 | 19,323 | 4.28 | 826 | 3.46 | 669 |
Nebraska | 639 | 18,909 | 4.65 | 879 | 3.64 | 688 |
Nevada | 408 | 18,293 | 4.56 | 833 | 3.57 | 653 |
New Hampshire | 655 | 17,598 | 4.78 | 841 | 3.59 | 632 |
New Jersey | 97 | 15,826 | 4.84 | 766 | 3.60 | 569 |
New Mexico | 5,670 | 18,156 | 4.45 | 809 | 3.63 | 660 |
New York | 6,475 | 18,461 | 4.65 | 858 | 3.49 | 644 |
North Carolina | 2,564 | 18,723 | 4.51 | 844 | 3.47 | 650 |
North Dakota | 154 | 15,558 | 4.44 | 691 | 3.70 | 576 |
Ohio | 9,566 | 17,872 | 4.86 | 868 | 3.62 | 647 |
Oklahoma | 409 | 15,519 | 4.51 | 700 | 3.64 | 565 |
Oregon | 12,661 | 18,721 | 4.77 | 893 | 3.63 | 679 |
Pennsylvania | 9,235 | 17,545 | 4.80 | 842 | 3.62 | 635 |
Rhode Island | 37 | 16,943 | 4.69 | 794 | 3.70 | 627 |
South Carolina | 1,872 | 17,931 | 4.60 | 826 | 3.47 | 621 |
South Dakota | 1,891 | 18,563 | 4.54 | 842 | 3.60 | 668 |
Tennessee | 1,678 | 17,005 | 4.75 | 807 | 3.52 | 598 |
Texas | 31,993 | 20,907 | 4.81 | 1005 | 3.64 | 761 |
Utah | 2,812 | 17,845 | 4.68 | 835 | 3.61 | 645 |
Vermont | 2,910 | 16,072 | 4.78 | 768 | 3.62 | 582 |
Virginia | 1,461 | 17,616 | 4.66 | 821 | 3.47 | 611 |
Washington | 3,713 | 18,314 | 4.73 | 866 | 3.61 | 662 |
West Virginia | 421 | 13,624 | 4.75 | 648 | 3.50 | 477 |
Wisconsin | 13,322 | 18,912 | 4.89 | 925 | 3.64 | 689 |
United States | 229,075 | 19,359 | 4.75 | 919 | 3.61 | 699 |
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Table 6. Milking Shorthorn State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2012 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | |||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) |
Arizona | 79 | 14,613 | 3.82 | 558 | 3.03 | 443 |
Arkansas | 159 | 19,122 | 3.57 | 682 | 3.16 | 604 |
California | 194 | 21,251 | 3.54 | 752 | 3.10 | 658 |
Colorado | 8 | 22,876 | 3.69 | 844 | 3.25 | 743 |
Connecticut | 3 | 16,936 | 3.77 | 639 | 3.03 | 514 |
Idaho | 2 | 18,685 | 3.71 | 694 | 3.42 | 639 |
Illinois | 71 | 18,571 | 3.73 | 693 | 3.16 | 587 |
Indiana | 80 | 18,184 | 3.67 | 668 | 3.17 | 577 |
Iowa | 139 | 20,169 | 3.52 | 709 | 3.03 | 610 |
Kansas | 18 | 22,864 | 3.43 | 784 | 3.08 | 704 |
Kentucky | 7 | 22,727 | 3.29 | 747 | 3.09 | 703 |
Maine | 41 | 18,016 | 3.78 | 680 | 3.06 | 550 |
Maryland | 48 | 18,590 | 3.87 | 719 | 3.12 | 581 |
Massachusetts | 20 | 17,966 | 3.50 | 630 | 2.99 | 537 |
Michigan | 33 | 19,714 | 3.72 | 734 | 3.14 | 618 |
Minnesota | 207 | 20,052 | 3.62 | 726 | 3.10 | 621 |
Missouri | 132 | 16,038 | 3.56 | 571 | 3.11 | 499 |
New Hampshire | 98 | 18,988 | 3.77 | 715 | 3.06 | 581 |
New Jersey | 5 | 14,369 | 3.98 | 572 | 3.29 | 472 |
New York | 156 | 18,076 | 3.66 | 661 | 3.04 | 549 |
North Dakota | 1 | 17,906 | 5.08 | 910 | 3.65 | 654 |
Ohio | 151 | 17,857 | 3.82 | 681 | 3.11 | 555 |
Oklahoma | 72 | 15,660 | 3.39 | 531 | 3.06 | 479 |
Oregon | 10 | 17,969 | 3.80 | 684 | 3.11 | 559 |
Pennsylvania | 185 | 18,575 | 3.74 | 696 | 3.12 | 579 |
Rhode Island | 1 | 15,918 | 4.23 | 674 | 3.00 | 477 |
South Carolina | 2 | 10,422 | 3.56 | 371 | 2.88 | 301 |
South Dakota | 24 | 16,580 | 3.49 | 578 | 3.10 | 514 |
Tennessee | 5 | 18,351 | 3.66 | 672 | 3.09 | 567 |
Texas | 360 | 17,808 | 3.66 | 652 | 3.21 | 571 |
Utah | 53 | 13,605 | 3.69 | 502 | 3.17 | 431 |
Vermont | 71 | 18,077 | 3.80 | 687 | 3.03 | 548 |
Virginia | 9 | 19,372 | 3.86 | 747 | 3.05 | 591 |
Washington | 348 | 15,527 | 3.65 | 567 | 3.09 | 480 |
Wisconsin | 374 | 18,793 | 3.80 | 715 | 3.08 | 579 |
United States | 3,166 | 18,131 | 3.67 | 666 | 3.11 | 563 |
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Table 7. Red & White State and National Standardized Lactation Averages for Cows Calving in 2012 With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Records | Milk | Fat | Protein | |||
State | (no.) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) | (%) | (lb) |
Arkansas | 7 | 17,643 | 3.31 | 585 | 3.06 | 541 |
California | 155 | 24,351 | 3.56 | 868 | 3.06 | 746 |
Colorado | 1 | 20,820 | 3.13 | 651 | 3.29 | 685 |
Florida | 1 | 24,287 | 3.44 | 836 | 2.95 | 717 |
Idaho | 2 | 24,620 | 4.02 | 989 | 3.38 | 833 |
Illinois | 42 | 26,365 | 3.60 | 948 | 3.00 | 790 |
Indiana | 2 | 26,860 | 3.78 | 1016 | 3.17 | 852 |
Iowa | 56 | 24,451 | 3.83 | 937 | 3.07 | 750 |
Kentucky | 22 | 22,433 | 3.75 | 841 | 3.08 | 692 |
Maine | 2 | 21,061 | 4.11 | 866 | 2.99 | 631 |
Maryland | 12 | 21,157 | 3.77 | 798 | 3.00 | 634 |
Massachusetts | 3 | 22,567 | 3.44 | 776 | 2.96 | 668 |
Michigan | 155 | 23,676 | 3.68 | 872 | 3.12 | 739 |
Minnesota | 366 | 23,461 | 3.81 | 893 | 3.05 | 715 |
New Hampshire | 1 | 22,180 | 3.62 | 804 | 2.94 | 652 |
New York | 228 | 22,970 | 3.74 | 860 | 3.00 | 689 |
North Carolina | 10 | 21,053 | 3.56 | 749 | 2.87 | 604 |
Ohio | 68 | 19,226 | 3.78 | 726 | 3.17 | 609 |
Oregon | 7 | 24,229 | 3.72 | 901 | 3.18 | 770 |
Pennsylvania | 306 | 22,583 | 3.82 | 863 | 3.06 | 691 |
South Carolina | 1 | 13,661 | 4.56 | 623 | 3.41 | 466 |
Texas | 55 | 19,584 | 3.78 | 740 | 3.27 | 640 |
Vermont | 8 | 22,616 | 3.73 | 845 | 3.08 | 697 |
Virginia | 60 | 22,316 | 3.65 | 815 | 3.02 | 673 |
Washington | 27 | 17,788 | 3.71 | 661 | 3.19 | 568 |
Wisconsin | 640 | 25,602 | 3.66 | 936 | 3.01 | 772 |
United States | 2,237 | 23,679 | 3.72 | 880 | 3.05 | 722 |
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Tables 8A-8F. Summary of National Standardized Lactation Averages |
for Cows With Records Used in National Genetic Evaluations. |
Table 8A. Records (no.) | |||||||
Calving year | |||||||
Breed | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
Ayrshire | 13,465 | 11,576 | 7,035 | 5,989 | 6,045 | 5,977 | 5,727 |
Brown Swiss | 17,236 | 17,717 | 15,704 | 16,029 | 18,069 | 18,243 | 18,379 |
Guernsey | 38,364 | 25,805 | 9,406 | 7,248 | 6,144 | 6,076 | 5,807 |
Holstein | 1,109,758 | 1,720,127 | 1,624,058 | 1,650,001 | 2,020,821 | 2,103,095 | 2,157,122 |
Jersey | 63,305 | 99,416 | 106,837 | 128,236 | 182,137 | 209,844 | 229,075 |
Milking Shorthorn | 2,302 | 2,684 | 2,407 | 2,723 | 3,091 | 3,288 | 3,166 |
Red and White | 900 | 5,588 | 3,927 | 2,636 | 2,370 | 2,306 | 2,237 |
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Table 8B. Milk (lb) | |||||||
Calving year | |||||||
Breed | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
Ayrshire | 13,144 | 14,799 | 17,389 | 18,303 | 18,275 | 18,295 | 18,440 |
Brown Swiss | 14,172 | 16,250 | 20,300 | 21,405 | 21,857 | 21,996 | 22,214 |
Guernsey | 11,666 | 13,297 | 16,043 | 17,154 | 17,351 | 17,349 | 17,578 |
Holstein | 17,566 | 20,178 | 24,517 | 25,644 | 25,757 | 25,987 | 26,312 |
Jersey | 11,437 | 13,407 | 17,038 | 18,087 | 18,565 | 19,004 | 19,359 |
Milking Shorthorn | 11,560 | 14,011 | 16,548 | 17,582 | 18,137 | 18,319 | 18,131 |
Red and White | 16,470 | 18,832 | 22,845 | 23,815 | 23,342 | 23,439 | 23,679 |
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Table 8C. Fat (%) | |||||||
Calving year | |||||||
Breed | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
Ayrshire | 3.88 | 3.85 | 3.86 | 3.82 | 3.85 | 3.84 | 3.85 |
Brown Swiss | 4.06 | 3.98 | 4.01 | 4.00 | 3.97 | 3.97 | 4.02 |
Guernsey | 4.60 | 4.49 | 4.46 | 4.42 | 4.43 | 4.41 | 4.42 |
Holstein | 3.61 | 3.61 | 3.64 | 3.65 | 3.65 | 3.67 | 3.71 |
Jersey | 4.84 | 4.73 | 4.60 | 4.62 | 4.69 | 4.70 | 4.75 |
Milking Shorthorn | 3.69 | 3.58 | 3.59 | 3.58 | 3.66 | 3.65 | 3.67 |
Red and White | 3.62 | 3.67 | 3.66 | 3.63 | 3.73 | 3.72 | 3.72 |
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Table 8D. Fat (lb) | |||||||
Calving year | |||||||
Breed | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
Ayrshire | 510 | 570 | 671 | 700 | 704 | 703 | 711 |
Brown Swiss | 576 | 646 | 814 | 856 | 867 | 874 | 894 |
Guernsey | 536 | 598 | 716 | 758 | 769 | 766 | 776 |
Holstein | 633 | 729 | 893 | 936 | 941 | 955 | 977 |
Jersey | 553 | 634 | 784 | 835 | 870 | 893 | 919 |
Milking Shorthorn | 426 | 502 | 595 | 630 | 664 | 669 | 666 |
Red and White | 596 | 692 | 837 | 865 | 871 | 872 | 880 |
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Table 8E. Protein (%) | |||||||
Calving year | |||||||
Breed | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
Ayrshire | 3.16 | 3.13 | 3.12 | 3.14 | 3.14 | 3.14 | |
Brown Swiss | 3.33 | 3.31 | 3.30 | 3.29 | 3.31 | 3.32 | |
Guernsey | 3.30 | 3.31 | 3.27 | 3.26 | 3.27 | 3.27 | |
Holstein | 2.94 | 3.00 | 3.01 | 3.03 | 3.04 | 3.05 | |
Jersey | 3.60 | 3.58 | 3.57 | 3.60 | 3.62 | 3.61 | |
Milking Shorthorn | 3.09 | 3.10 | 3.09 | 3.09 | 3.11 | 3.11 | |
Red and White | 2.95 | 2.98 | 2.99 | 3.02 | 3.05 | 3.05 |
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Table 8F. Protein (lb) | |||||||
Calving year | |||||||
Breed | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
Ayrshire | 468 | 545 | 571 | 573 | 574 | 580 | |
Brown Swiss | 541 | 672 | 707 | 719 | 729 | 738 | |
Guernsey | 439 | 531 | 561 | 565 | 567 | 575 | |
Holstein | 592 | 733 | 772 | 781 | 791 | 803 | |
Jersey | 482 | 610 | 646 | 669 | 688 | 699 | |
Milking Shorthorn | 433 | 512 | 543 | 561 | 570 | 563 | |
Red and White | 555 | 680 | 711 | 705 | 714 | 722 |
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